Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35465378›Full record

ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2022

A cross-sectional regional study looking at the factors responsible for the low COVID-19 vaccination rate in Nigeria.

Onyekachi Ezekiel Ekowo, Chibuzo Manafa, Ruphina Chidiebere Isielu, Chinedu Michael Okoli, Ibe Chikodi, Azuka Favour Onwuasoanya, Sylvia Tochukwu Echendu, Ifeanyichukwu Ihedoro, Uchenna Dean Nwabueze, Obinna Chidubem Nwoke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Onyekachi Ezekiel EkowoDepartment of Surgical Sciences University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Chibuzo ManafaRoyal Stoke University Hospitals, Stoke-on-Trent, England.
Ruphina Chidiebere IsieluDepartment of Public health, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria.
Chinedu Michael OkoliDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Alex Ekweme Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Ibe ChikodiDepartment of Family Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Nigeria.
Azuka Favour OnwuasoanyaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.
Sylvia Tochukwu EchenduDepartment of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Ifeanyichukwu IhedoroDepartment of Surgery, Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria.
Uchenna Dean NwabuezeDepartment of Accident and Emergency, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Obinna Chidubem NwokeDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 vaccination has been rolled out in Nigeria, with low uptake often attributed to shortage of the vaccine. We set out to find out the current trend so far and to the best of our knowledge, our study is one of the early studies since the roll out in the region looking at the real situation on ground. This will guide multidisciplinary decision making at increasing uptake of the vaccine. Methods: this is a descriptive cross-sectional study in the 5 South-Eastern States in Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was given to the members of the public to answer themselves or via the help of an interviewer. Data was analysed in SPSS and associations between variables compared using Chi square. Results: there are 1283 respondents in this study. Of this number, only 105 (8.2%) have had at least one of the vaccine doses. Stated reasons for not having been vaccinated are side effects (n=370, 31.5%), access to a vaccination centre (n= 239, 20.4%) and belief in one's own immunity 186 (15.5). Having a health-related degree (p-value of 0.021), non-governmental employees (p-value of 0.003), private sector employees (p-value of 0.029) and public sector employees (p-value of 0.009) are associated with relatively higher vaccination rates. Conclusion: vaccination rate in Nigeria is still very low. Fear of side effect which is enhanced by mystical thinking is the leading factor for low turnout not just shortages. All forms of employed jobs, age and higher qualification all have significant p-values (p<0.05) and associated with higher uptake of the vaccine.

Indexed as

COVID-19Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsVaccinesCOVID-19 VaccinesCross-Sectional StudiesHumansNigeriaSARS-CoV-2VaccinationCOVID-19 VaccinesVaccinesCOVID-19 vaccine hesitancyCOVID-19 viruspublic health

Identifiers

PMID35465378
PMCPMC8994467

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.