ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Rituximab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Transient Effects on Autoimmunity Associated Lymphocyte Phenotypes and Implications for Immunogenicity.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-Cell Level Characterization of B Cell Depletion and Repopulation Following Rituximab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- CD72 downregulation on DN2 B cells is associated with disease activity and resistance to rituximab in systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Efficacy of low dose of rituximab to treat systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Age-associated B cells and double-negative B cells: two sides of the same coin? The answer depends on the context.Frontiers in aging · 2026Article
- The role of fatty acid metabolism on B cells and B cell-related autoimmune diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Age-Associated B Cells in Autoimmune Diseases: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Association between peripheral activated naive and double negative 2 B-cell subsets and clinical parameters in lupus nephritis patients.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Aberrant B cell responses as drivers of autoantibody generation and epitope diversification in SLE pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Glutaredoxin2 reduces age-associated B cell differentiation through maintaining redox homeostasis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Subset of DN Memory B Cells Expressing Low Levels of Inhibitory Receptor BTLA Is Enriched in SLE Patients.Cells · 2024Article
- Extrafollicular CD19Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2024Article
- Occurrence and role of Tph cells in various renal diseases.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
- Targeting T-bet expressing B cells for therapeutic interventions in autoimmunity.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Review
- Rituximab may affect T lymphocyte subsets balance in primary membranous nephropathy.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Emerging insights into atypical B cells in pediatric chronic infectious diseases and immune system disorders: T(o)-bet on control of B-cell immune activation.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Review
- Functions of double-negative B cells in autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancers.EMBO molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Genetics of SLE: mechanistic insights from monogenic disease and disease-associated variants.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023Review
- Increase in Double Negative B Lymphocytes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Remission and Their Correlation with Early Differentiated T Lymphocyte Subpopulations.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- T peripheral helper cells in autoimmune diseases: What do we know?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Age/autoimmunity-associated B cells in inflammatory arthritis: An emerging therapeutic target.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
B cell abnormalities are common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and include expansion of double negative (DN) and age-associated-like B cells (ABC-like). We aimed to investigate rituximab (RTX) effects on DN and ABC-like B-cell subsets and, when possible, also secondary effects on T cells. Fifteen SLE patients, fulfilling the ACR 1982 criteria, starting RTX and followed longitudinally up to two years, were analyzed for B- and T- lymphocyte subsets using multicolor flow cytometry. DN were defined as IgD-CD27- and ABC-like as CD11c+CD21- within the DN gate. Additional phenotyping was performed adding CXCR5 in the B-cell panel. Cellular changes were further analyzed in the context of the generation of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) against RTX and clinical information. The SLE patients were mainly females (86.6%), of median age 36.7 (29.8-49.4) years and disease duration of 6.1 (1.6-11.8) years. Within the DN subset, ABC-like (IgD-CD27-CD11c+CD21-) B cell frequency reduced from baseline median level of 20.4% to 11.3% (p=0.03), at early follow-up. The DN B cells were further subdivided based on CXCR5 expression. Significant shifts were observed at the early follow-up in the DN2 sub-cluster (CD11c+CXCR5-), which reduced significantly (-15.4 percentage points, p=0.02) and in the recently described DN3 (CD11c-CXCR5-) which increased (+13 percentage points, p=0.03). SLE patients treated with RTX are at high risk of developing ADA. In our cohort, the presence of ADA at 6 months was associated with lower frequencies of DN cells and to a more pronounced expansion of plasmablasts at early follow-up. The frequency of follicular helper T cells (T
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