Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35464376›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2022

Phytochemical Constituents of Propolis Flavonoid, Immunological Enhancement, and Anti-porcine Parvovirus Activities Isolated From Propolis.

Xia Ma, ZhenHuan Guo, Yana Li, Kun Yang, Xianghui Li, Yonglu Liu, Zhiqiang Shen, Li Zhao, Zhiqiang Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Xia MaMedicinal Engineering Department, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
ZhenHuan GuoMedicinal Engineering Department, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
Yana LiZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunopharmacology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
Kun YangMedicinal Engineering Department, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
Xianghui LiMedicinal Engineering Department, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
Yonglu LiuMedicinal Engineering Department, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
Zhiqiang ShenBinzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy of Shandong Province, Binzhou, China.
Li ZhaoMedicinal Engineering Department, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
Zhiqiang ZhangZhengzhou Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunopharmacology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China.
Henan University of Economic and Law · CNInnovation Team (China) · CNHenan University · CNBinzhou Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Propolis is widely used in health preservation and disease healing; it contains many ingredients. The previous study had revealed that the ethanolic or water extracts of propolis have a wide range of efficacy, such as antiviral, immune enhancement, anti-inflammatory, and so on, but its antiviral components and underlying mechanism of action remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition, anti-porcine parvovirus (PPV) effectiveness, and immunological enhancement of propolis flavone ethanolic extracts. The chemical composition of propolis flavone was distinguished by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry analysis. In this study, the presence and characterization of 26 major components were distinguished in negative ionization modes to evaluate the effects of propolis flavonoid used as an adjuvant on the immune response of Landrace-Yorkshire hybrid sows immunized with an inactivated vaccine of PPV. Thirty Landrace-Yorkshire hybrid sows were randomly assigned to one of three groups, and the sows in the adjuvant groups were intramuscularly injected with PPV vaccine with a 2.0-ml propolis flavonoid adjuvant (PA) and oil emulsion adjuvant. After that, serum hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers and specific immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG subclasses were measured to evaluate the adjuvant effects of propolis flavonoid on the humoral immune responses, as well as peripheral lymphocyte proliferation activity and serum concentrations of Th1 and Th2 cytokines for cellular immunity. Results indicated an enhancing effect of PA on IgM, interleukins 2 and 4, interferon-γ, and IgG subclass responses. Especially in the effect of improving cellular immune response, the PA was the best. These findings suggested that PA can significantly enhance the immune responses against the PPV vaccine and could be an alternative way to improve PPV vaccination in sows. Furthermore, we screened the PF chemical components to the effectiveness of anti-PPV. Ferulic acid has an excellent anti-PPV effect.

Indexed as

ferulic acidphytochemical constituentsporcine parvoviruspropolis flavonoidUPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS

Identifiers

PMID35464376
PMCPMC9024060
OpenAlexW4226116193

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.