Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35463660›Full record

ReviewJournal of healthcare engineering2022

U-Net-Based Medical Image Segmentation.

Xiao-Xia Yin, Le Sun, Yuhan Fu, Ruiliang Lu, Yanchun Zhang

RetractedAbstract readReviewRetracted Publication
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of healthcare engineering, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 84 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
84citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

84 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Near-zero photon bioimaging by fusing deep learning and ultralow-light microscopy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Retraction · 2023-10-18Concerns/Issues about Data · Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions · Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions · Concerns/Issues about Peer Review · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Paper Mill · Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions ·
  • Retracted
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiao-Xia YinCyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1930-6451
Le SunEngineering Research Center of Digital Forensics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.
Yuhan FuCyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Ruiliang LuDepartment of Radiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China.
Yanchun ZhangCyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5332-6827

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deep learning has been extensively applied to segmentation in medical imaging. U-Net proposed in 2015 shows the advantages of accurate segmentation of small targets and its scalable network architecture. With the increasing requirements for the performance of segmentation in medical imaging in recent years, U-Net has been cited academically more than 2500 times. Many scholars have been constantly developing the U-Net architecture. This paper summarizes the medical image segmentation technologies based on the U-Net structure variants concerning their structure, innovation, efficiency, etc.; reviews and categorizes the related methodology; and introduces the loss functions, evaluation parameters, and modules commonly applied to segmentation in medical imaging, which will provide a good reference for the future research.

Indexed as

Image Processing, Computer-AssistedNeural Networks, ComputerDiagnostic ImagingHumans

Identifiers

PMID35463660
PMCPMC9033381

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.