ArticleInfectious diseases of poverty2022
Viral haemorrhagic fevers and malaria co-infections among febrile patients seeking health care in Tanzania.
Article in Infectious diseases of poverty, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Marburg virus disease outbreaks, mathematical models, and disease parameters: a systematic review.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Contemporary epidemiological data of Rift Valley fever virus in humans, mosquitoes and other animal species in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Veterinary medicine and science · 2023Pooled it
- Multiplexed detection of febrile infections using CARMEN.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever virus and factors associated with exposure in south-central Uganda.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Africa: Epidemiological Trends, Transmission Ecology, Hotspot Heterogeneity, and Preparedness Challenges-A Narrative Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Review
- Interepidemic Rift Valley fever in East Africa: the recent risk landscape and projected impacts of global change.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2026Article
- Automated microscopy for malaria diagnosis in a reference laboratory in nonendemic settings.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Utility of TaqMan Array Cards for detection of acute febrile illness etiologies in patients suspected of viral hemorrhagic fever infections.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Rift Valley Fever Virus Transmission During an Unreported Outbreak Among People and Livestock in South-Central Tanzania.Viruses · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between Malaria and Pain: A Mini-Review.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Review
- Has the epidemiologic conundrum of Rift Valley fever changed?Tropical animal health and production · 2025Review
- Geospatial and modelling analyses reveal diverse tick and tick-associated microbes in the East African Community.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Review
- Enhancing safety of rapid and accurate malaria diagnosis in patients at risk for viral haemorrhagic fever.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Malaria and dengue fever in febrile children entering healthcare facilities in Mwanza, Tanzania.PloS one · 2024Article
- Rift Valley fever and malaria co-infection: A case report.Clinical case reports · 2023Article
- Seroprevalence of viral and bacterial pathogens among malaria patients in an endemic area of southern Venezuela.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Article
- Pattern ofTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn recent years there have been reports of viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa where malaria is endemic. VHF and malaria have overlapping clinical presentations making differential diagnosis a challenge. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of selected zoonotic VHFs and malaria co-infections among febrile patients seeking health care in Tanzania.
methodsThis facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out between June and November 2018 in Buhigwe, Kalambo, Kyela, Kilindi, Kinondoni, Kondoa, Mvomero, and Ukerewe districts in Tanzania. The study involved febrile patients seeking health care from primary healthcare facilities. Blood samples were collected and tested for infections due to malaria, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF), Ebola virus disease (EVD), Marburg virus disease (MVD), Rift Valley fever (RVF) and yellow fever (YF). Malaria infections were tested using rapid diagnostics tests while exposure to VHFs was determined by screening for immunoglobulin M antibodies using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The Chi-square test was used to compare the proportions.
resultsA total of 308 participants (mean age = 35 ± 19 years) were involved in the study. Of these, 54 (17.5%) had malaria infection and 15 (4.8%) were positive for IgM antibodies against VHFs (RVF = 8; CCHF = 2; EBV = 3; MBV = 1; YF = 1). Six (1.9%) individuals had both VHF (RVF = 2; CCHF = 1; EVD = 2; MVD = 1) and malaria infections. The highest co-infection prevalence (0.6%) was observed among individuals aged 46‒60 years (P < 0.05). District was significantly associated with co-infection (P < 0.05) with the highest prevalence recorded in Buhigwe (1.2%) followed by Kinondoni (0.9%) districts. Headache (100%) and muscle, bone, back and joint pains (83.3%) were the most significant complaints among those infected with both VHFs and malaria (P = 0.001).
conclusionsCo-infections of VHF and malaria are prevalent in Tanzania and affect more the older than the younger population. Since the overlapping symptoms in co-infected individuals may challenge accurate diagnosis, adequate laboratory diagnosis should be emphasized in the management of febrile illnesses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.