ArticleVision research2022
Benefits from negative templates in easy and difficult search depend on rapid distractor rejection and enhanced guidance.
Article in Vision research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effort expectation and strategic cue use in visual search.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Trying in the 21st century: An introduction to the special issue on effort.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Rapid Inversion of Singleton Distractor Representations Underlies Learned Attentional Suppression.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Rapid inversion of singleton distractor representations underlies learned attentional suppression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Can templates-for-rejection suppress real-world affective objects in visual search?Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2024Article
- Why are some individuals better at using negative attentional templates to suppress distractors? Exploration of interindividual differences in cognitive control efficiency.Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance · 2024Article
- Terms of debate: Consensus definitions to guide the scientific discourse on visual distraction.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2024Review
- Adapting attentional control settings in a shape-changing environment.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2024Article
- Similar Quality of Visual Working Memory Representations between Negative and Positive Attentional Templates.Journal of cognition · 2024Article
- Neurophysiological Measures of Proactive and Reactive Control in Negative Template Use.Journal of cognitive neuroscience · 2023Article
- Assessing recoding accounts of negative attentional templates using behavior and eye tracking.Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition · 2023Article
- Negative and positive templates: Two forms of cued attentional control.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While most research on attentional templates focuses on how attention can be guided toward targets, a growing body of research has been examining our ability to guide attention away from distractors using negative templates. A recent report showed larger reaction time benefits from negative templates during a difficult search task compared to an easy search task. However, it remains unclear what shifts in attentional processing led to these differences in reaction time benefits. In the current study, we tested the predictions of enhanced guidance and rapid rejection as potential explanations for the differential impact of negative templates based on search difficulty. In Experiment 1, we replicated the larger benefits from negative templates in a within-subjects design. In Experiment 2, we use eye tracking to measure the proportion of fixations directed towards target-colored distractors as an index of enhanced guidance and the dwell time on distractors as a measure of rapid rejection. We found more attentional guidance from negative templates in the difficult search condition. In addition, we found larger benefits of rapid rejection from negative templates in the difficult search condition. While we typically focus on templates as a way of guiding attention, these results highlight another key role played by attentional templates: rapid distractor rejection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.