Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35461468›Full record

ReviewGeroScience2022

The pathophysiology of chronic subdural hematoma revisited: emphasis on aging processes as key factor.

Ralf Weigel, Lothar Schilling, Joachim K Krauss

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in GeroScience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Bevacizumab: The future of chronic subdural hematoma.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2026
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  18. Rescue management of recurrent or growing non-acute subdural hematoma following standalone or adjunctive middle meningeal artery embolization: A case series and systematic review.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ralf WeigelDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical School Hannover, MHH, Hannover, Germany. weigel@neurochirurgie-katharinen.de.ORCID 0000-0003-0450-2115
Lothar SchillingDepartment of Neurosurgery and Division of Neurosurgical Research, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Joachim K KraussDepartment of Neurosurgery, Medical School Hannover, MHH, Hannover, Germany.
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover · DEHeidelberg University · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) affects mostly elderly subjects. Previously, pathophysiological concepts suggested that CSH is secondary to degradation of subdural collections of blood and its products exerting merely a mass effect on the underlying brain. During the last decades, however, new insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms urge us to reconsider such a simplistic view. Here, we critically review novel pathophysiological, imaging, interventional, and medical treatment aspects and establish an integrative concept of the pathogenesis of CSH stressing the role of age as key factor. Trauma is considered a trigger event that unleashes a cascade of immunological and angiogenic age-dependent responses. These are associated with hypervascularization of the outer hematoma membrane, rebleeding, and exsudation which are crucial determinants for further development and propagation of CSH. Neurosurgical evacuation of the hematoma has long been thought the only viable treatment option, and it is still the method of choice in the majority of cases. Only more recently, embolization of the middle meningeal artery has been introduced as an alternative to surgery, and pharmacological treatment options are being investigated. Persons with advanced age trauma and other trigger events encounter a repair system with characteristics of senescence. This repair system implies a dysfunctional secretory phenotype of senescent cells and results in an insufficient repair process including chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Increased knowledge about the pathomechanisms of CSH will inform future studies and open new perspectives for its treatment and possibly also for its prevention.

Indexed as

Hematoma, Subdural, ChronicAgedHumansAgeChronic subdural hematomaExsudationHypervascularizationPathophysiologyRebleeding

Identifiers

PMID35461468
PMCPMC9213588
OpenAlexW4224316674

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.