ArticleScientific reports2022
Persistent Spike-specific T cell immunity despite antibody reduction after 3 months from SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2-mRNA vaccine.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Immunity in COVID-19-Naive Vaccinated Individuals with and Without Spike Protein IgG Antibodies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Long-term immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 mRNA booster in people living with HIV.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Antibody Responses to mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Among Healthcare Workers in Outpatient Clinics in Japan.Vaccines · 2025Article
- A comprehensive longitudinal analysis of the cellular immune response specific to the spike protein in healthcare workers vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2- ORCHESTRA Project.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Vaccine responses and hybrid immunity in people living with HIV after SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Interferon-γ Release Assay in the Assessment of Cellular Immunity-A Single-Centre Experience with mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Multi-epitopes vaccine design for surface glycoprotein against SARS-CoV-2 using immunoinformatic approach.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Intradermal Fractional ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Booster Vaccine Induces Memory T Cells: A Follow-Up Study.Vaccines · 2024Article
- A Phase I/II Clinical Trial of Intradermal, Controllable Self-Replicating Ribonucleic Acid Vaccine EXG-5003 against SARS-CoV-2.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Long Term Assessment of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunogenicity after mRNA Vaccine in Persons Living with HIV.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Both Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Are Essential to Prevent Infection: a Prospective Study in a Working Vaccinated Population from Southern France.Journal of clinical immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- A Paratope-Enhanced Method to Determine Breadth and Depth TCR Clonal Metrics of the Private Human T-Cell Vaccine Response after SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Hybrid immunity expands the functional humoral footprint of both mRNA and vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccine is the main public health measure to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission and hospitalization, and a massive scientific effort worldwide resulted in the rapid development of effective vaccines. This work aimed to define the dynamics and persistence of humoral and cell-mediated immune response in Health Care Workers who received a two-dose BNT162b2-mRNA vaccination. Serological response was evaluated by quantifying anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies while cell-mediated response was performed by a whole blood test quantifying Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2) produced in response to Spike peptides. BNT162b2-mRNA vaccine induced both humoral and cell-mediated immune response against Spike in all HCW early after the second dose. After 12 weeks from vaccination, the titer of anti-RBD antibodies as well as their neutralization function decreased while the Spike-specific T-cells persisted at the same level as soon after vaccine boost. Of note, a correlation between cellular and humoral response persevered, suggesting the persistence of a coordinated immune response. The long lasting cell-mediated immune response after 3 months from vaccination highlight its importance in the maintaining of specific immunity able to expand again to fight eventual new antigen encountering.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.