Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35461248›Full record

Trial reportBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022

Immersive virtual reality on childbirth experience for women: a randomized controlled trial.

Elif Gizem Carus, Nazli Albayrak, Halit Mert Bildirici, Selen Gur Ozmen

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05032456 (Immersive Virtual Reality Improves Satisfaction In Laboring Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05032456 nacompletednot on this map

Immersive Virtual Reality Improves Satisfaction In Laboring Women

TypeinterventionalSponsorBahçeşehir UniversityRan2020 to 2021Enrolled42ConditionsLabor PainArmsOculus Quest All-in-one VR Gaming Headset (128 GB) VR system
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  17. Patient perceptions of virtual reality for pain relief in labor: A qualitative study.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Elif Gizem CarusGraduate School of Health Sciences, Neuroscience Master's Program, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey. elifcarus@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-1836
Nazli AlbayrakDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3405-028X
Halit Mert BildiriciAmerican Robert College of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0047-9229
Selen Gur OzmenDepartment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty Of Health Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6233-408X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality (VR) on patient satisfaction as a distractive tool and pain relief among laboring women.

methodsThis was a randomized, controlled clinical trial with 42 laboring women allocated to VR intervention and control groups. Among women in the VR group, patient satisfaction with the use of VR was assessed by a Virtual Reality Satisfaction Survey, measured by a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and evaluated by questioning them about whether they would choose VR in future labor. As a primary outcome, patient satisfaction scores regarding the overall childbirth experience were compared between women in the two groups. A secondary outcome was pain assessed by a visual pain rating scale in the early and active phases of labor in women in both groups. Psychometric information was also collected from participants in each group using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory.

resultsWe observed a high level of patient satisfaction with the use of immersive VR during labor. The VAS revealed a mean satisfaction score of 87.7 ± 12.9 out of a maximum of 100. Twenty out of 21 (95%) women in the VR group stated that they would like to use VR again in future labor. VR improved pain scores in early labor and contributed positively to the overall childbirth experience. The mean pain score pre-VR was 2.6 ± 1.2 compared to 2.0 ± 1.3 post-VR (p < 0.01). Anxiety and depression scores were similar in participants in the intervention and control groups (p = 0.103 and p = 0.13, respectively).

conclusionImmersive VR application during labor was associated with higher patient satisfaction based on our study findings. VR also improved participants' pain scores in early labor before epidural administration. Immersive VR may find a place as an adjunct in labor and delivery units to improve lengthy labor experiences for women. Studies with larger groups of participants are needed to confirm these observations.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05032456.

Indexed as

Virtual RealityAnxietyFemaleHumansPainPain ManagementPain MeasurementPregnancyAnxietyDepressionImmersive Virtual RealityLaborNonpharmacologic TreatmentPain

Identifiers

PMID35461248
PMCPMC9034564

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.