ReviewInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2022
Psychiatric disorders and risk of subsequent dementia: Systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.
Review in International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and Incidence of Dementia for Schizophrenia and Other Primary Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Asia-Pacific psychiatry : official journal of the Pacific Rim College of Psychiatrists · 2026Pooled it
- Alzheimer's Association clinical practice guideline for the Diagnostic Evaluation, Testing, Counseling, and Disclosure of Suspected Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (DETeCD-ADRD): Executive summary of recommendations for primary care.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Guideline
- Association of amyloid-beta with depression or depressive symptoms in older adults without dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Risk of Degenerative Synucleinopathies: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Risk of neurodegenerative disease or dementia in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Anti-seizure medication exposure and the risk of dementia: A meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Periodontal health, cognitive decline, and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2022Pooled it
- The impact of GeNeurofil™ nutraceutical supplementation on psychometric assessment and biomarkers of neurodegeneration in cognitive impaired patients: a pilot study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Embedding Caregiver Support Within Adult Day Services: Outcomes of a Multisite Trial.The Gerontologist · 2024Trial
- [Modifiable risk and protective factors for dementia: an overview of established and emerging evidence].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026Review
- Plasma GFAP modifies the association of depressive symptoms with cognitive function: A population-based study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Genetic investigation of non-affective psychosis and depression as causal risk factors for dementia.BMJ mental health · 2026Article
- The silent struggle of ageing with SMI: a narrative review of physical health disparities in older adults with serious mental illness.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Review
- Stress, stress systems, and Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Drug Utilization, Anticholinergic Burden and Predictors of Length of Stay in a Psychiatric Hospital: A Retrospective Observational Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Electroconvulsive therapy: improved understanding of long-term risks and benefits from advances in administrative health data.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Review
- Late-life affective disorders and risk of progression to dementia: retrospective cohort study of patients in secondary care.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Article
- The Role of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder as a Risk Factor for Dementia: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal associations of psychological distress with subsequent cognitive decline and dementia: a multi-cohort study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- The role of noninfectious comorbidities in the association between severe infections and risk of dementia in Finland: A nationwide registry study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAlthough psychiatric disorders have been found to be associated with increased risk of dementia, previous findings are mixed, and the nature of these relationships remains poorly understood. We examined longitudinal associations between depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), bipolar disorder (BPD), psychotic disorders and subsequent dementia.
methodsWe searched three databases for longitudinal, population-based studies investigating associations between psychiatric disorders and dementia (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020209638). We conducted narrative synthesis, and random-effects meta-analyses to obtain pooled estimates. We used meta-regression and stratified analyses to examine variation by sex, age-at-onset and follow-up time.
resultsFifty-seven citations met eligibility criteria. Most studies focussed on depression (n = 33), which was associated with subsequent all-cause dementia (pooled relative risk [RR]: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59-2.43; I
conclusionsPeople with psychiatric disorders represent high-risk groups for dementia, highlighting the importance of ongoing symptom monitoring in these groups. Findings regarding temporality and age-at-onset indicate that depression symptoms could reflect prodromal dementia for some individuals. Further longitudinal research is required to determine whether psychiatric disorders represent causal risk factors or early markers of dementia neuropathology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.