ArticleNutrients2022
Caffeine Intake among Undergraduate Students: Sex Differences, Sources, Motivations, and Associations with Smoking Status and Self-Reported Sleep Quality.
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose and timing effects of caffeine on subsequent sleep: a randomized clinical crossover trial.Sleep · 2025Trial
- Acute Cardiovascular Effects of Turkish Coffee Assessed by VONutrients · 2025Trial
- From caffeine use motives to sleep disturbance: network and structural equation modeling of caffeine use disorder and depression among caffeine consumers.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Anemia and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of Prevalence and Contributing Factors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Unraveling the relation between sleep and academic performance among medical students.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Caffeine intake from different dietary sources and its association with sleep quality in employed adults.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Coffee Consumption is Associated with a High Prevalence of Headache in a Taiwanese Population Study.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Exploring the Impact and Mechanisms of Coffee and Its Active Ingredients on Depression, Anxiety, and Sleep Disorders.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Complaints Among Young Adults With Migraine.Cureus · 2025Article
- Exploring the relationship between sleep patterns, alcohol and other substances consumption in young adults: Insights from wearables and Mobile surveys in the National Consortium on alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in adolescence (NCANDA) cohort.International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Predicting sleep quality among college students during COVID-19 lockdown using a LASSO-based neural network model.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Caffeine intake and awareness of its adverse effects: Insights from the medical students at the University of Tabuk.PloS one · 2025Article
- Review
- Construction and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Risk Prediction Model for Sleep Quality in Patients with OSA.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Associations between mobile phone involvement, BMI levels, and sleep quality among Chinese university students: evidence from a multi-regional large-scale survey.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Siesta characteristics mediated the association between siesta duration and sleep quality in Chinese incoming college freshmen.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Interactions between Smoking and Sleep.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Sleep Patterns and Tryptophan Consumption among Students at Spanish Universities: The Unihcos Project.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Due to its stimulatory effects, caffeine is one of the most frequently consumed mood and behavior altering drugs. University students report using caffeine-containing products to enhance mood and performance or for a desire of alertness. The current study investigated caffeine consumption in university undergraduate students, and associations with smoking status, alcohol and cannabis consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, and sleep quality. Motivations for caffeine intake were also ascertained. A total of 886 undergraduates aged 18−25 years from the University of the Balearic Islands participated in a cross-sectional survey. Caffeine was consumed by 91.1% of participants. Caffeine consumers were more likely to be female, smokers, and alcohol and cannabis consumers. Coffee was found to be the main source of caffeine intake in both men and women (48.9% of total caffeine intake). Higher percentages of women consumed coffee (56.4 vs. 42.1%, p = 0.01) and tea (40.3 vs. 19.8%, p < 0.001), whereas a higher percentage of men consumed energy drinks (18.0 vs. 7.4%, p < 0.001). Main motivations for caffeine intake were those related to cognitive enhancement. Caffeine intake was associated with poorer subjective sleep quality (p < 0.001). In conclusion, undergraduate students that were female and smokers reported higher caffeine intakes. Coffee was found as the main caffeine contributor, with higher contributions of tea in women and energy drinks in men. Universities should consider the implementation of health campaigns and educational programs to educate students of the risks of high caffeine consumption together with associated behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption and poor sleep quality to physical health and academic performance.
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