ArticleNutrients2022
Inhibition of In Vitro Infection of Hepatitis B Virus by Human Breastmilk.
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Redefining MTCT prevention strategies toward HBV elimination: Editorial on "Factors associated with hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission in a national prevention program".Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Redefining MTCT prevention strategies toward HBV elimination: Correspondence to editorial on "Factors associated with hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission in a national prevention program".Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Factors influencing breastfeeding failure in mothers with hepatitis B infection: a qualitative study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Genome-Based Mexican Diet Bioactives Target Molecular Pathways in HBV, HCV, and MASLD: A Bioinformatic Approach for Liver Disease Prevention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Multifaceted Functions of Lactoferrin in Antimicrobial Defense and Inflammation.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Recent Advancements and Best Practices in Supporting Newborn Feeding: A Narrative Review.Pediatric clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Effect of anti-CD4 mAb induced by inhibiting B cell disorder on immune reconstruction of HIV-infected immunological non-responders.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Elective cesarean section and bottle-feeding do not reduce infection of hepatitis B in infants of high viremic mothers: a retrospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- The potential of lactoferrin as antiviral and immune-modulating agent in viral infectious diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Breastmilk-Old but Not Obsolete: from the Safety of Breastfeeding During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic to Broad Antiviral Drug Development.Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the human breastmilk of mothers infected with HBV, it has been shown that breastfeeding does not increase the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV. We tested the hypothesis that human breastmilk may contain active components that bind to HBV and inhibit the infectivity of HBV. The results show that human whey significantly inhibited the binding of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) to its antibodies in competitive inhibition immunoassays. The far-western blotting showed that HBsAg bound to a protein of 80 kD in human whey, which was identified as lactoferrin by mass spectrometry. Competitive inhibition immunoassays further demonstrated that both human lactoferrin and bovine lactoferrin bound to HBsAg. Human whey, human lactoferrin, and bovine lactoferrin each significantly inhibited the infectivity of HBV in vitro. Our results indicate that human breastmilk can bind to HBsAg and inhibit the infectivity of HBV, and the active component is lactoferrin. The findings may explain the reason that breastfeeding has no additional risk for MTCT of HBV, although human breastmilk contains HBV. Our study provides experimental evidence that HBV-infected mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed their infants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.