ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2022
β-Lactam Antibiotics and β-Lactamase Enzymes Inhibitors, Part 2: Our Limited Resources.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens isolated from cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Antibiotic Resistance and the Return to a Pre-Antibiotic Era: A Critical Narrative Review of a Global Catastrophe.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Herbal extracts as antibiotic adjuvants against ESKAPE pathogens: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Engineering microbiology · 2026Review
- Update on the comparativeJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Applications of Natural Products in Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Molecular basis of ampicillin resistance: combinatorial mechanisms and future strategies.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic milestones against multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: from legacy antibiotics to Zosurabalpin.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Revolutionizing Antibiotic Delivery: Harnessing 3D-Printing Technology to Combat Bacterial Resistance.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- A Review ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- Antibiotic resistance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Structural insights into the activity of carbapenemases: understanding the mechanism of action of current inhibitors and informing the design of new carbapenem adjuvants.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Avibactam-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes: Computational and Thermodynamic Insights for Drug Delivery, Detection, and Environmental Scavenging.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Thymoquinone and 3HQ synergy inhibits CTX-M-15 ESBL.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- Global health perspectives on antibacterial drug discovery and the preclinical pipeline.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Development andRSC advances · 2025Article
- Dynamically chiral phosphonic acid-type metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors.Communications chemistry · 2025Article
- Impact of high frequency electromagnetic radiation on bacterial survival and antibiotic activity in exposed bacteria.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nanomaterial-Based Strategies to Combat Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms and Applications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A 3-year retrospective analysis of microbial species and key biomarkers associated with wound infections in Shantou Hospital, China.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Bacteriophage therapy: a possible alternative therapy against antibiotic-resistant strains ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
β-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) are crucial molecules among antibacterial drugs, but the increasing emergence of resistance to them, developed by bacteria producing β-lactamase enzymes (BLEs), is becoming one of the major warnings to the global public health. Since only a small number of novel antibiotics are in development, a current clinical approach to limit this phenomenon consists of administering proper combinations of β-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) and β-lactamase inhibitors (BLEsIs). Unfortunately, while few clinically approved BLEsIs are capable of inhibiting most class-A and -C serine β-lactamases (SBLEs) and some carbapenemases of class D, they are unable to inhibit most part of the carbapenem hydrolyzing enzymes of class D and the worrying metallo-β-lactamases (MBLEs) of class B. Particularly, MBLEs are a set of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a broad range of BLAs by a zinc-mediated mechanism, and currently no clinically available molecule capable of inhibiting MBLEs exists. Additionally, new types of alarming "superbugs", were found to produce the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases (NDMs) encoded by increasing variants of a plasmid-mediated gene capable of rapidly spreading among bacteria of the same species and even among different species. Particularly, NDM-1 possesses a flexible hydrolysis mechanism that inactivates all BLAs, except for aztreonam. The present review provides first an overview of existing BLAs and the most clinically relevant BLEs detected so far. Then, the BLEsIs and their most common associations with BLAs already clinically applied and those still in development are reviewed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.