ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Levetiracetam Mechanisms of Action: From Molecules to Systems.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Levetiracetam and Peripheral Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Epilepsy: A Systematic Review of Human Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Practice advisory for intravenous management of headache disorders in hospitalized patients: a review of the evidence and consensus recommendations.Regional anesthesia and pain medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of Levetiracetam on Cognition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials.CNS drugs · 2024Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of one-dose nocturnal levetiracetam for the treatment of self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: a randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Safety and efficacy of levetiracetam and carbamazepine monotherapy in the management of pediatric focal epilepsy: a randomized clinical trial.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Trial
- Narrative Review: Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Newer Third-Generation Antiseizure Medications for Focal Epilepsy: A New Benchmark in Treatment Outcomes?Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Comparative Neuropharmacological Effects of Antiseizure Drugs on Cultured Myenteric and Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Impact of Levetiracetam on Various Symptoms of Morphine Dependence in Mice.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Synaptic Plasticity-Intrinsic Excitability and Antidepressant Discovery.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Repurposed drug prioritization pipeline for a multi-arm platform trial in clinical Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Article
- Sialidosis type I: How to alleviate disabling myoclonic seizures?-A multicenter analysis of eight cases and review of the literature.Epilepsia open · 2026Review
- The effect of physical activity on epileptic seizures and consequentlearning and memory impairment in electrical amygdala kindling model.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Article
- Refractory hypokalemia associated with levetiracetam: a case report.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of intravenous Levetiracetam as first-line treatment for neonatal clinical seizures: A single-center study (2021-2023).eNeurologicalSci · 2025Article
- Resting motor threshold in navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation: relationship between inter-individual variance and distinct clinical and anatomical factors.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Voltammmetric Assessment and Examination of the Interactions between Levetiracetam and DNA: Experimental Research, Molecular Docking, and Modeling Studies.ChemistryOpen · 2025Article
- Mechanisms underlying allosteric modulation of antiseizure medication binding to synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A).Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Epilepsy and autophagy modulators: a therapeutic split.Autophagy · 2025Review
- Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are used to control seizures. Even though parts of their mechanisms of action are known, there are still components that need to be studied. Therefore, the search for novel drugs, new molecular targets, and a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of existing drugs is still crucial. Levetiracetam (LEV) is an AED that has been shown to be effective in seizure control and is well-tolerable, with a novel mechanism of action through an interaction with the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A). Moreover, LEV has other molecular targets that involve calcium homeostasis, the GABAergic system, and AMPA receptors among others, that might be integrated into a single mechanism of action that could explain the antiepileptogenic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antioxidant properties of LEV. This puts it as a possible multitarget drug with clinical applications other than for epilepsy. According to the above, the objective of this work was to carry out a comprehensive and integrative review of LEV in relation to its clinical uses, structural properties, therapeutical targets, and different molecular, genetic, and systemic action mechanisms in order to consider LEV as a candidate for drug repurposing.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.