ReviewVaccines2022
Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Influenza Vaccination Intention: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.
Review in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on influenza vaccination rates among healthcare workers and the general population in Saudi Arabia: A meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of the clinical characteristics of influenza-COVID-19 co-infection.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Understanding the Global Burden of Influenza in Adults Aged 18-64 years: A Systematic Literature Review from 2012 to 2022.Advances in therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Comparative analysis of parental hesitancy toward influenza vaccination for children versus themselves in post-pandemic China: A cross-sectional study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Temporal shifts in public perceptions of influenza and its vaccine before, during, and after COVID-19 in a fragile nation.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Attitudes, Motivation, and Predictors of Influenza Vaccination Uptake Among Primary Healthcare Professionals in Greece.Vaccines · 2026Article
- COVID-19 pandemic and vaccine hesitancy in a Brazilian state capital.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Spillover between influenza and COVID-19 vaccination behaviors across pandemic phases and implications for general vaccine hesitancy.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake among healthcare workers in Georgia, 2021-2024.PloS one · 2026Article
- Uptake, willingness, and practices toward seasonal influenza vaccination among healthcare workers in China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Uptake and Intentions Among Nursing Students in Hong Kong.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Impact of a Free Influenza Vaccination Policy on Older Adults in Zhejiang, China: Cross-Sectional Survey of Vaccination Willingness and Determinants.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- The Determinants of Influenza Vaccine Uptake in Pregnant Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Navigating the crossroads of health and wealth: socioeconomic inequality in flu vaccination uptake among the elderly in Iran.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Influenza Vaccination Coverage and Determinants of New Vaccinations During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain (ENE-COVID): Nationwide Population-Based Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Disparities in Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Europe.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- Article
- Surveillance of psychogenic adverse events following immunization in Zhejiang, China, 2020-2023.BMC public health · 2025Article
- [Pneumococcal vaccination in people aged 60 and over: relationships between vaccination intention, knowledge, and psychological reasons for the vaccination decision].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025Article
- A Greek Nationwide Survey About Sources of Information on Seasonal Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccination Used by Healthcare Facility Staff During the Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Poorer outcomes have been reported with COVID-19 and influenza coinfections. As the COVID-19 pandemic rages on, protection against influenza by vaccination is becoming increasingly important. This study examines how COVID-19 has influenced influenza vaccination intentions from a global perspective. A literature search was conducted on Embase, PubMed, and CNKI from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021 for articles reporting rates of influenza vaccination pre-COVID-19 (19/20 season), and intention and/or uptake of influenza vaccination post-COVID-19 (20/21 season). The changes in vaccination intention and reasons for changes were reported. Subgroup analyses were performed by region, gender, age, and occupation. Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment of the articles. Twenty-seven studies with 39,193 participants were included. Among 22 studies reporting intention to vaccinate in 20/21, there was increased intention to vaccinate (RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.32−1.69, p < 0.001) regardless of age, gender, and occupation. The remaining five studies reporting vaccination intention and uptake in 20/21 showed a similar increase (RR 1.68, 95%CI 1.20−2.36). Important determinants include historical vaccine acceptance, and perception of influenza severity and vaccine safety. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased intention to vaccinate against influenza internationally. The pandemic could be a window of opportunity to promote influenza vaccination and decrease vaccine hesitancy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.