ReviewVaccines2022
Efficacy and Immune Response Elicited by Gold Nanoparticle- Based Nanovaccines against Infectious Diseases.
Review in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Applications of Bioinorganic Nano-Based Delivery Systems-Diagnostics and Therapeutics.Drug development research · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory Nanomaterials: Design Strategies, Mechanisms, Biomedical Applications, and Future Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Bridging Gaps in Fungal Keratitis Management: Novel Diagnostics, Drug Delivery Systems, and Gene Therapies.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Tolerogenic Vaccines: Next-Generation Strategies for Autoimmune and Allergic Disease Therapies.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Review
- Amino Compound-Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles for SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Topical AuNPs-Cys-Sm29 gel modulates the course of lesion development in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Gold Nanoparticles: Impacts on Immune Cells and Mechanisms of Action.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Biogenic gold nanoparticles synthesized using3 Biotech · 2025Article
- Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy: Innovations and Challenges.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Nanovaccines against Cervical Cancer: Reliable Strategies to Circumvent Limitations of Traditional Therapeutic Vaccines.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Antiviral Vaccines for Chickens: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Review
- Nanoparticles as Delivery Systems for Antigenic Saccharides: From Conjugation Chemistry to Vaccine Design.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Tailoring biomaterials for vaccine delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Article
- Bacteria extracellular vesicle as nanopharmaceuticals for versatile biomedical potential.Nano convergence · 2024Review
- Article
- Advances in protein subunit vaccines against H1N1/09 influenza.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The Application of Nanovaccines in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Antimicrobial Feature of Nanoparticles in the Antibiotic Resistance Era: From Mechanism to Application.Advanced biomedical research · 2024Review
- Novel Microsynthesis of High-Yield Gold Nanoparticles to Accelerate Research in Biosensing and Other Bioapplications.Biosensors · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles for developing vaccines has become a routine process for researchers and pharmaceutical companies. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are chemical inert, have low toxicity, and are easy to modify and functionalize, making them an attractive choice for nanovaccine development. GNPs are modified for diagnostics and detection of many pathogens. The biocompatibility and biodistribution properties of GNPs render them ideal for use in clinical settings. They have excellent immune modulatory and adjuvant properties. They have been used as the antigen carrier for the delivery system to a targeted site. Tagging them with antibodies can direct the drug or antigen-carrying GNPs to specific tissues or cells. The physicochemical properties of the GNP, together with its dynamic immune response based on its size, shape, surface charge, and optical properties, make it a suitable candidate for vaccine development. The clear outcome of modulating dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, which trigger cytokine release in the host, indicates GNPs' efficiency in combating pathogens. The high titer of IgG and IgA antibody subtypes and their enhanced capacity to neutralize pathogens are reported in multiple studies on GNP-based vaccine development. The major focus of this review is to illustrate the role of GNPs in developing nanovaccines against multiple infectious agents, ranging from viruses to bacteria and parasites. Although the use of GNPs has its shortcomings and a low but detectable level of toxicity, their benefits warrant investing more thought and energy into the development of novel vaccine strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.