ReviewCancers2022
Dissecting Tumor-Immune Microenvironment in Breast Cancer at a Spatial and Multiplex Resolution.
Review in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell-based therapies of autoimmune diseases in the context of artificial intelligence development.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Spatially guided translation from histology images to transcriptomic profiles using foundation model-driven contrastive learning.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- The neuroimmune axis in breast cancer: from mechanistic insights to clinical applications.BMC medicine · 2026Review
- Spatial organization of the tumor immune microenvironment in LAR+ triple-negative breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Formation and remodeling of immunological niches in solid tumors: organ-specific architectures, inflammatory parallels, and therapeutic reprogramming.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- From Stains to Spectra: Multiplexed Immunohistochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Spatial Proteomics in Biomedicine.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Spatial immune biomarkers in triple-negative breast cancer: emerging evidence, technology trade-offs, and barriers to clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Issues and missed opportunities in lymph node assessment after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.The Journal of pathology · 2025Review
- Prognostic significance of CD8+ T cell Spatial Biomarkers in ER+ and ER- breast cancer: A retrospective cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- Polyamine metabolism and immune related genes as prognostic features in breast cancer: a novel risk model approach.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Article
- Quantitative benchmarking of nuclear segmentation algorithms in multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging for translational studies.Communications biology · 2025Article
- A Multimodal Deep Learning Model for the Classification of Breast Cancer Subtypes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based spatial characterization of tumor-immune microenvironment in the EORTC 10994/BIG 1-00 early breast cancer trial.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Spatial proximity of CD8NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- Unique macrophage phenotypes activated by BMP signaling in breast cancer bone metastases.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Tumor-on-chip platforms for breast cancer continuum concept modeling.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is an important player in breast cancer pathophysiology. Surrogates for antitumor immune response have been explored as predictive biomarkers to immunotherapy, though with several limitations. Immunohistochemistry for programmed death ligand 1 suffers from analytical problems, immune signatures are devoid of spatial information and histopathological evaluation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes exhibits interobserver variability. Towards improved understanding of the complex interactions in TIME, several emerging multiplex in situ methods are being developed and gaining much attention for protein detection. They enable the simultaneous evaluation of multiple targets in situ, detection of cell densities/subpopulations as well as estimations of functional states of immune infiltrate. Furthermore, they can characterize spatial organization of TIME-by cell-to-cell interaction analyses and the evaluation of distribution within different regions of interest and tissue compartments-while digital imaging and image analysis software allow for reproducibility of the various assays. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the different multiplex in situ methods used in cancer research with special focus on breast cancer TIME at the neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic setting. Spatial heterogeneity of TIME and importance of longitudinal evaluation of TIME changes under the pressure of therapy and metastatic progression are also addressed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.