ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Biological Responses in the Blood and Organs of Rats to Intraperitoneal Inoculation of Graphene and Graphene Oxide.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Systemic Effects of Repeated Intraperitoneal Application of Graphene Oxide and Polyethylene Glycol-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles in Long Evans Male Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Revolutionizing cancer treatment: The multifaceted role of graphene oxide in modern oncology.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- Modification of low nickel biograde stainless steel with graphene oxide for enhanced corrosion resistance and in vivo biocompatibility.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Research on the impact of graphene oxide in feed on growth and health parameters in calves.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
- Hematological Response to Particle Debris Generated During Wear-Corrosion Processes of CoCr Surfaces Modified with Graphene Oxide and Hyaluronic Acid for Joint Prostheses.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Research progress of graphene-based nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer.Science progressReview
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe discrepancy among the in vivo results found in the literature regarding graphene's side effects led us to conduct an in vivo study with graphene.
methodsIn vivo tests involving intraperitoneal inoculation of graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets in rats were carried out to assess potential changes in the blood and organs after 15 and 30 days. Graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets at a concentration of 4 mg per kilogram were suspended in an aqueous solution of 0.9% NaCl at a 1:1 proportion (graphene or graphene oxide), i.e., 1 mg/mL.
resultsOptical microscopy of liver, kidney, spleen, and lung tissues revealed no visible histological changes. However, particle traces were found in the peritoneal cavity. Thirty days after inoculation, blood samples were collected for hematological analysis. The blood analysis showed changes indicating a hepatic inflammatory process. Hematological changes after 30 days consisted of alterations to the red series, including microcytosis or higher mean hemoglobin concentrations. In addition, changes in prothrombin and thromboplastin caused longer coagulation times.
conclusionThis study contributes to further clarifying the possible toxicity of graphene and its potential biomedical applications.
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