Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35453783›Full record

ArticleBiology2022

Age at Menarche in Urban Girls Exposed to Lead in the Copper Basin, Poland.

Aleksandra Gomula, Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska, Anna Sebastjan, Sławomir M Kozieł, Robert M Malina, Zofia Ignasiak

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 45% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Aleksandra GomulaDepartment of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-2206-1659
Natalia Nowak-SzczepanskaDepartment of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
Anna SebastjanDepartment of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
Sławomir M KoziełDepartment of Anthropology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0584-4427
Robert M MalinaDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Zofia IgnasiakDepartment of Biostructure, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy · PLWroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences · PLThe University of Texas at Austin · US

Funding

Foundation for Children of the Copper Basin in Poland N/A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lead negatively affects human growth and development. In this research, we aimed to assess the effect of elevated blood lead level on age at menarche (AM), controlling for body mass index (BMI) and estimated fatness. The sample included 490 girls aged 7−16 examined in Polkowice town (Copper Basin, Poland) in 2008. Measurements included height, weight, skinfold thicknesses and estimated percentage of body fat. AM was assessed using the status quo method. Blood samples were taken for lead level assessment. Two groups were defined based on the median blood lead level for the total sample of children (3.7 µg/dL). Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between AM and independent variables. The results indicated that menarche in the higher blood lead level group was significantly later compared to the lower blood lead level group (p < 0.01). This relationship remained only marginally significant when BMI (p < 0.10), sum of skinfolds (p < 0.09) or percentage of fat (p < 0.08) were controlled. The results revealed that a lower blood lead level (3.7 µg/dL) than the currently acceptable threshold (5 µg/dL) is related to a later AM; however, this relationship is moderated by body fatness, which may decrease its significance.

Indexed as

leadmenarchesexual maturationtoxicant

Identifiers

PMID35453783
PMCPMC9025223
OpenAlexW4223530063

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.