ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Efficacy of Antioxidant Supplementation to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Metabolic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Network Meta-Analysis.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Adjunctive Local Antimicrobials to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Pocket Reduction and Glycemic Control of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Pooled it
- The efficacy of combining adjuvants with non-surgical periodontal therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A Bayesian network meta-analysis.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2024Pooled it
- Astaxanthin enhances migration, Type I and Type III collagen production, and osteogenic differentiation in periodontal ligament fibroblasts under hyperglycemic conditions.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Summary of the best evidence for non-surgical intervention in periodontitis among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- The effect of systemic lycopene supplementation on non-surgical periodontal therapy outcomes: A clinical trial.BDJ open · 2025Article
- The role of HbA1c in the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes and related interventions: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- How do network meta-analyses address intransitivity when assessing certainty of evidence: a systematic survey.BMJ open · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This network meta-analysis (NMA) investigated the effectiveness of antioxidants as adjuncts to non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) control of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with periodontitis. PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, LIVIVO, and grey literature were searched. Risk of bias was assessed with the RoB v2.0 tool. A frequentist NMA assessed HbA1c improvement, through standardized mean difference under a random-effects model. Certainty of evidence was addressed through the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) partially contextualized framework. Ten randomized controlled clinical trials were included, with 234 patients receiving alpha lipoic acid (ALA), cranberry juice, cranberry juice enriched with omega-3, fenugreek, ginger, grape seed, lycopene, melatonin, omega-3, propolis or vitamin C supplementation to NSPT, and 220 patients receiving NSPT alone or with placebo. Nine studies were meta-analyzed. HbA1c improved when NSPT was combined with propolis, ALA and melatonin supplementation (moderate-to-low certainty), compared to NSPT alone or with placebo. Risk of bias issues were found in eight studies. In conclusion, the use of propolis supplementation to NSPT probably results in HbA1c improvement in T2D patients with periodontitis (large effect with moderate certainty), while ALA and melatonin supplementation may contribute to reduce the HbA1c in T2D patients with periodontitis (large effects with low certainty).
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Registered trials
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