Observational studyPloS one2022
The safety and efficacy of fingolimod: Real-world data from a long-term, non-interventional study on the treatment of RRMS patients spanning up to 5 years from Hungary.
Observational study in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-world experience of ozanimod in adults with multiple sclerosis.Neurodegenerative disease management · 2026Article
- Exit strategy patterns in second-line therapies for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- Effectiveness and Safety Profile of Fingolimod in Treating Omani Patients with Multiple Sclerosis:Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Fingolimod on Psychological Symptoms and Cognitive Function in Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders.Neurochemical research · 2024Review
- Adverse Events Associated With Disease-Modifying Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis: A Multiregional Population-Based StudyNeurology · 2024Article
- Dermatologic findings after initiation of fingolimod in patients with multiple sclerosis: A real-world experience of five-year follow-up.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFingolimod was approved and reimbursed by the healthcare provider in Hungary for the treatment of highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in 2012. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness, safety profile, and persistence to fingolimod in a real-life setting in Hungary in RRMS patients who were either therapy naïve before enrollment or have changed to fingolimod from another disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for any reason.
methodsThis cross-sectional, observational study with prospective data collection was performed nationwide at 21 sites across Hungary. To avoid selection bias, sites were asked to document eligible patients in consecutive chronological order. Demographic, clinical, safety and efficacy data were analysed for up to 5 years from 570 consenting adult patients with RRMS who had received treatment with fingolimod for at least one year.
results69.6% of patients remained free from relapses for the whole study duration; in the first year, 85.1% of patients did not experience a relapse, which rose to 94.6% seen in the 5th year. Compared to baseline at study end, 28.2% had higher, and 9.1% had lower, meanwhile, 62.7% of the patients had stable EDSS scores. Overall, the annualized relapse rate decreased from 0.804 observed at baseline to 0.185, 0.149, 0.122, 0.091, and 0.097 (77.0%, 82.1%, 85.2%, 89.7%, and 89.0% relative reduction, respectively) after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years of treatment. The greatest reduction rate was seen in the group of therapy naïve patients. Treatment persistence on fingolimod after 60 months was 73.4%.
conclusionIn this nationwide Hungarian cohort, most patients under fingolimod treatment were free from relapses and disability progression. In addition, fingolimod has proven to be a well-tolerated DMT that has sustained its manageable safety profile, high efficacy, and positive benefit/risk ratio for up to 5 years in a real-life setting.
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