ArticleCancer2022
Pneumonitis after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: A retrospective cohort study.
Article in Cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- When Checkpoint Inhibitors Break Barriers: Mechanisms and Challenges of irAEs of the Skin, Gastrointestinal Tract, and Lung.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
- From escort to target, the multidimensional roles and prospects of platelets in tumor immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- T-Cell Responses and T-Cell-Based Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.Current medical science · 2025Review
- Review
- Updates in Drug-Related Pneumonitis Due to Targeted Oncologic Therapies.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2024Review
- Practice Changes in Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Immune-Related Adverse Event Management at a Tertiary Care Center.Cancers · 2024Article
- Characterization of immunomodulatory factors and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Heterogenous lung inflammation CT patterns distinguish pneumonia and immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis and complement blood biomarkers in acute myeloid leukemia: proof of concept.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Common methodological pitfalls in ICI pneumonitis risk prediction studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Safety, Outcomes, and T-Cell Characteristics in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory MDS or CMML Treated with Atezolizumab in Combination with Guadecitabine.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
29 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), combined with hypomethylating agents, can be used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but this strategy results in a high rate of pneumonitis. The authors sought to determine risk factors for pneumonitis development and whether pneumonitis increased mortality.
methodsThe authors conducted a retrospective review of 258 AML patients who received ICI-containing regimens from 2016 to 2018. A multidisciplinary adjudication committee diagnosed pneumonia and pneumonitis by reviewing symptoms, imaging, microbiology, and response to therapies. To measure risk factors for pneumonitis and mortality, multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were constructed. Pneumonia, pneumonitis, and disease progression were modeled as a time-dependent variable and incorporated a standard risk set modifying variables into the models.
resultsThirty patients developed pneumonitis (12%). Of these, 17 had partial or complete resolution, whereas 13 patients died from pneumonitis. Increasing age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.04 per year; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-1.08), and baseline shortness of breath increased pneumonitis risk (HR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.13-5.55). Female sex (HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.15-0.70) and increasing platelet count (HR, 0.52 per log-unit increase; 95% CI, 0.30-0.92) decreased pneumonitis risk. In adjusted models, ICI-related pneumonitis significantly increased mortality (HR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.84-4.37).
conclusionsICI-related pneumonitis occurs at a high rate in AML patients and increases mortality. LAY SUMMARY: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remove inhibitory signals that reduce T-cell function and allow T-cells to better attack cancer cells. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the effectiveness of ICIs is limited in part by inflammation of the lung, called pneumonitis. This study reviewed 258 patients with AML who received ICIs and identified 30 patients who developed pneumonitis, nearly half of whom died. Older age and baseline shortness of breath increased pneumonitis risk, whereas female sex and higher baseline platelet counts decreased pneumonitis risk. Pneumonitis increased mortality by nearly 3-fold. This work highlights the significant harm imposed by pneumonitis after ICI therapies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.