Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35451653›Full record

ArticleBulletin of mathematical biology2022

A Refunding Scheme to Incentivize Narrow-Spectrum Antibiotic Development.

Lucas Böttcher, Hans Gersbach

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bulletin of mathematical biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Novel Antibacterial Approaches and Therapeutic Strategies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Lucas BöttcherComputational Social Science, Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, 60322, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. l.boettcher@fs.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1700-1897
Hans GersbachCenter of Economic Research at ETH Zurich and CEPR, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
ETH Zurich · CHFrankfurt School of Finance & Management · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rapid rise of antibiotic resistance is a serious threat to global public health. The situation is exacerbated by the "antibiotics dilemma": Developing narrow-spectrum antibiotics against resistant bacteria is most beneficial for society, but least attractive for companies, since their usage and sales volumes are more limited than for broad-spectrum drugs. After developing a general mathematical framework for the study of antibiotic resistance dynamics with an arbitrary number of antibiotics, we identify efficient treatment protocols. Then, we introduce a market-based refunding scheme that incentivizes pharmaceutical companies to develop new antibiotics against resistant bacteria and, in particular, narrow-spectrum antibiotics that target specific bacterial strains. We illustrate how such a refunding scheme can solve the antibiotics dilemma and cope with various sources of uncertainty that impede antibiotic R &D. Finally, connecting our refunding approach to the recently established Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Action Fund, we discuss how our proposed incentivization scheme could be financed.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsMathematical ConceptsBacteriaDrug Resistance, BacterialModels, BiologicalAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibiotic resistance dynamicsAntibiotics dilemmaNarrow-spectrum antibioticsRD incentivesRD uncertaintyRefunding scheme

Identifiers

PMID35451653
PMCPMC9023703
OpenAlexW3173967639

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.