ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2022
Autoimmune Encephalitis With mGluR1 Antibodies Presenting With Epilepsy, but Without Cerebellar Signs: A Case Report.
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In one paragraph
Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autoimmune encephalitis with Anti-mGluR1 antibodies: a comprehensive review.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical Characteristics of Japanese Cases of Anti-Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Type 1 Antibody-Associated Cerebellar Ataxia.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2026Article
- Neuronal antibody targeting metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 in five cases and its pathogenicity.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Anti-mGluR encephalitis: case series and literature review.BMC neurology · 2026Review
- Clinical Phenotypes and Prognosis of Anti-mGluR1 Encephalitis: A Single-Center Case Series and Comprehensive Literature Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Seizures in a cat with metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) antibodies: a case report.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Case Report: Clinical features and management of anti-mGluR1 encephalitis: case illustration and review of the literature.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2025Article
- Anti-mGluR1 encephalitis: Case illustration and systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Anti-GAD65 autoantibody levels measured by ELISA and alternative types of immunoassays in relation to neuropsychiatric diseases versus diabetes mellitus type 1.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Anita M VinkeFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Shenghua ZongFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-7837-3921
Josien H JanssenFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Carolin Correia-HoffmannFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2528-7541
Marina Mané-DamasFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Jan G M C DamoiseauxFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4007-6985
J M de VriesFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Dirk PröpperFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Peter MolenaarFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Mario LosenFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9761-0002
Pilar Martinez MartinezFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5990-3373
Rob P W RouhlFrom the Department of Neurology (A.M.V., J.H.J., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M.), Maastricht University; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (S.Z., C.C.-H., M.M.-D., P.M., M.L., P.M.M., R.P.W.R.), Maastricht University; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine (C.C.-H.), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal; Central Diagnostic Laboratory (J.G.M.C.D.), Maastricht University Medical Center; Department of Neurology (J.M.V.), Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam; Department of Neurology (D.P.), Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen; and Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/MUMC+ (R.P.W.R.), Maastricht, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0004-1860
Erasmus MC · NL
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo describe the unique case history of a patient with mGluR1 antibodies, with mainly limbic and without cerebellar symptoms.
methodsA 50-year-old woman initially presented with focal seizures with epigastric rising and déjà-vu sensations, next to cognitive complaints, and musical auditory hallucinations. MRI, EEG, and neuronal autoantibody tests were performed.
resultsEEG findings showed slow and sharp activity (sharp waves and sharp-wave-slow-wave complex) in the left temporal lobe. A test for autoantibodies was negative initially. Because of persistent symptoms, serum and CSF were tested 4 years later and found positive for mGluR1 antibodies. Treatment started with monthly IV immunoglobulins and azathioprine that was replaced by mycophenolate mofetil later. Especially cognitive symptoms and hallucinations did not respond well to the treatment. During treatment, mGluR1 antibodies remained present in CSF. DISCUSSION: Whereas cerebellar symptoms are present in 97% of mGluR1-positive cases, our patient presented without ataxia. Therefore, we suggest that the clinical presentation of patients with mGluR1 antibodies is probably more diverse than previously described. Testing for mGluR1 antibodies should be considered in patients with limbic encephalitis and epilepsy, especially when negative for more common antibodies.
Indexed as
EncephalitisEpilepsyAutoantibodiesFemaleHashimoto DiseaseHumansMiddle AgedReceptors, Metabotropic GlutamateAutoantibodiesmetabotropic glutamate receptor type 1Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate
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