ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2022
Incidence of Testicular Cancer in Transfeminine Patients following Vaginoplasty with Orchidectomy.
Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urological care for sexual and gender minorities: a narrative review toward equitable care.Current opinion in urology · 2026Review
- Emerging and accumulating safety signals for the use of estrogen among transgender women.Discover mental health · 2025Review
- Article
- Incidental testicular germ cell tumor in a transgender woman: A case report.Urology case reports · 2024Article
- Implications of hormonal carcinogenesis for transgender and gender-diverse people undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy: an up-to-date review.BMJ oncology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Little is known about the prevalence of testicular cancer in the transfeminine population. Only six cases have been reported in the literature. This case series reports six additional cases of various testicular cancers found in transfeminine patients who underwent vaginoplasty with orchidectomy in our institution. Methods: In our institution, all specimens are routinely sent to pathology following vaginoplasty with orchidectomy. This permitted the identification of all positive cases of testicular cancer. A chart review was conducted to retrieve patient demographics, duration of hormonotherapy, type of neoplasm, the context of its discovery, and cancer follow-up. Results: A total of 2555 patients underwent vaginoplasty with orchidectomy between January 2016 and January 2021. All specimens were sent to pathology for analysis. A total of six (0.23% of patients) specimens revealed malignant lesions. Conclusions: Increased societal awareness toward the transgender population encourages recourse to gender-affirming procedures. Little is known about the incidence of testicular cancer in the transfeminine population. In total, 0.23% of patients in our cohort presented with positive pathology findings indicative of testicular cancer. All cancers were found to be only locally invasive, and all patients were successfully treated. We therefore encourage routine pathology examination for all specimens following vaginoplasty with orchidectomy.
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Registered trials
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