Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35449413›Full record

ArticleNature nanotechnology2022

Light-driven microdrones.

Xiaofei Wu, Raphael Ehehalt, Gary Razinskas, Thorsten Feichtner, Jin Qin, Bert Hecht

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature nanotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. A nanoscale robotic cleaner.Nature communications · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Light-driven micro/nanobots.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Microscopic geared metamachines.Nature communications · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xiaofei WuNano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. xiaofei.wu@physik.uni-wuerzburg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4594-1678
Raphael EhehaltNano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0140-1802
Gary RazinskasNano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0221-972X
Thorsten FeichtnerNano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0605-6481
Jin QinNano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Bert HechtNano-Optics and Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Institute of Physics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. hecht@physik.uni-wuerzburg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4883-8676

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

When photons interact with matter, forces and torques occur due to the transfer of linear and angular momentum, respectively. The resulting accelerations are small for macroscopic objects but become substantial for microscopic objects with small masses and moments of inertia, rendering photon recoil very attractive to propel micro- and nano-objects. However, until now, using light to control object motion in two or three dimensions in all three or six degrees of freedom has remained an unsolved challenge. Here we demonstrate light-driven microdrones (size roughly 2 μm and mass roughly 2 pg) in an aqueous environment that can be manoeuvred in two dimensions in all three independent degrees of freedom (two translational and one rotational) using two overlapping unfocused light fields of 830 and 980 nm wavelength. To actuate the microdrones independent of their orientation, we use up to four individually addressable chiral plasmonic nanoantennas acting as nanomotors that resonantly scatter the circular polarization components of the driving light into well-defined directions. The microdrones are manoeuvred by only adjusting the optical power for each motor (the power of each circular polarization component of each wavelength). The actuation concept is therefore similar to that of macroscopic multirotor drones. As a result, we demonstrate manual steering of the microdrones along complex paths. Since all degrees of freedom can be addressed independently and directly, feedback control loops may be used to counteract Brownian motion. We posit that the microdrones can find applications in transport and release of cargos, nanomanipulation, and local probing and sensing of nano and mesoscale objects.

Indexed as

PhotonsWaterMotionWater

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.