ArticleAlzheimer's research & therapy2022
The retinal ganglion cell layer reflects neurodegenerative changes in cognitively unimpaired individuals.
Article in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in epilepsy: a meta-analysis comparing affected patients with healthy controls.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- Multimodal Retinal Imaging for the Detection of Early Alzheimer's Disease: Combining Biochemical, Structural, and Vascular Biomarkers.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- AI-driven multimodal retinal imaging for early detection and risk stratification of vascular and neurodegenerative diseases.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Diagnostic classification of children and adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder based on brain functional network characteristics of the dense individualized and common connectivity-based cortical landmark model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Identifying transcriptomic signatures that mediate the causal effect of genotype on Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Inner retinal layer thickness reflects plasma biomarkers in preclinical Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Emerging Oculomic Signatures: Linking Thickness of Entire Retinal Layers with Plasma Biomarkers in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Retinal Neurovascular Coupling: From Mechanisms to a Diagnostic Window into Brain Disorders.Cells · 2025Review
- Brain and retina in Alzheimer's disease: Pathological intersections and estimates from imaging.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Association of retinal layer thickness with brain volume and cortical thickness in older adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Reexamine the link between retinal layer thickness and cognitive function after correction of axial length: the Beijing Eye Study 2011.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Visible light optical coherence tomography for assessing retinal structure and function in diseased mouse models.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Retinal neurodegeneration, neuroretinal rim analysis and choroid thickness in pseudoexfoliation syndrome with spectral domain optical coherence tomography.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Retinal ganglion cell vulnerability to pathogenic tau in Alzheimer's disease.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Macular OCT inner retinal changes reflect CNS involvement in m.3243A>G disease.BMJ neurology open · 2025Article
- Retinal ganglion cell vulnerability to pathogenic tau in Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Unlocking the Potential of Vessel Density and the Foveal Avascular Zone in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography as Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Eye-brain connections revealed by multimodal retinal and brain imaging genetics.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Structural correlations between brain magnetic resonance image-derived phenotypes and retinal neuroanatomy.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Progress on early diagnosing Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers of medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo evaluate a wide range of optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters for possible application as a screening tool for cognitively healthy individuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), assessing the potential relationship with established cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) core AD biomarkers and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
methodsWe studied 99 participants from the Valdecilla Study for Memory and Brain Aging. This is a prospective cohort for multimodal biomarker discovery and validation that includes participants older than 55 years without dementia. Participants received a comprehensive neuropsychological battery and underwent structural 3-T brain MRI, lumbar puncture for CSF biomarkers (phosphorylated-181-Tau (pTau), total Tau (tTau), beta-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ 1-42), and beta-amyloid 1-40 (Aβ 1-40)). All individuals underwent OCT to measure the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL), the retinal nerve fiber layer (RFNL), the Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), and choroidal thickness (CT). In the first stage, we performed a univariate analysis, using Student's t-test. In the second stage, we performed a multivariate analysis including only those OCT parameters that discriminated at a nominal level, between positive/negative biomarkers in stage 1.
resultsWe found significant differences between the OCT measurements of pTau- and tTau-positive individuals compared with those who were negative for these markers, most notably that the GCL and the RNFL were thinner in the former. In stage 2, our dependent variables were the quantitative values of CSF markers and the hippocampal volume. The Aβ 1-42/40 ratio did not show a significant correlation with OCT measurements while the associations between pTau and tTau with GCL were statistically significant, especially in the temporal region of the macula. Besides, the multivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between hippocampal volume with GCL and RNFL. However, after false discovery rate correction, only the associations with hippocampal volume remained significant.
conclusionsWe found a significant correlation between Tau (pTau) and neurodegeneration biomarkers (tTau and hippocampus volume) with GCL degeneration and, to a lesser degree, with damage in RFNL. OCT analysis constitutes a non-invasive and unexpensive biomarker that allows the detection of neurodegeneration in cognitively asymptomatic individuals.
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