ArticleToxins2022
The Enzymatic Core of Scorpion Venoms.
Article in Toxins, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vector venom: venomics of Aedes albopictus reveals a large enzyme repertoire and novel cecropins with activity against E. coli.npj drug discovery · 2026Article
- Oral Acute Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Heteroctenus junceus Scorpion Venom.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- A Hydrolase-Rich Venom Beyond Neurotoxins: Integrative Functional Proteomic and Immunoreactivity Analyses Reveal Novel Peptides in the Amazonian ScorpionInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Microbiota discovered in scorpion venom.PloS one · 2026Article
- A comparison of honeybee and scorpion venoms as anticancer agents against three different cancer cell lines: lung, colon, and breast cancer.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Review
- Venom gland transcriptomics and bioactivity profiling suggest bifunctional hyaluronidase activity in the venom ofFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Enzymatic characterization and proteomic profiling of venoms from the medically important Androctonus species.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Proteomic characterization and lethality of the venom of the Black Judean scorpion, Hottentotta judaicus (Buthidae): expanded toxin diversity and revisited toxicological significance.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Scorpion Venom as a Source of Cancer Drugs: A Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis and Therapeutic Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- Scorpion Envenoming as an Emerging Public Health Problem in Paraguay, Bolivia, and Midwest Brazil: Involvement of Tityus confluens and the Need for a Panregional Evaluation of Available Antivenoms.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Article
- Enlightening the toxinological dark matter of spider venom enzymes.npj biodiversity · 2024Article
- A Critical Review of Short Antimicrobial Peptides from Scorpion Venoms, Their Physicochemical Attributes, and Potential for the Development of New Drugs.The Journal of membrane biology · 2024Review
- Mass spectrometric analysis of Odonthobuthus Doriae scorpion venom and its non-neutralized fractions after interaction with commercial antivenom.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genome-wide identification, structural homology analysis, and evolutionary diversification of the phospholipase D gene family in the venom gland of three scorpion species.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Varying Modes of Selection Among Toxin Families in the Venoms of the Giant Desert Hairy Scorpions (Hadrurus).Journal of molecular evolution · 2023Article
- Scorpion Venom as a Source of Antimicrobial Peptides: Overview of Biomolecule Separation, Analysis and Characterization Methods.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Enzymes are an integral part of animal venoms. Unlike snakes, in which enzymes play a primary role in envenomation, in scorpions, their function appears to be ancillary in most species. Due to this, studies on the diversity of scorpion venom components have focused primarily on the peptides responsible for envenomation (toxins) and a few others (e.g., antimicrobials), while enzymes have been overlooked. In this work, a comprehensive study on enzyme diversity in scorpion venoms was performed by transcriptomic and proteomic techniques. Enzymes of 63 different EC types were found, belonging to 330 orthogroups. Of them, 24 ECs conform the scorpion venom enzymatic core, since they were determined to be present in all the studied scorpion species. Transferases and lyases are reported for the first time. Novel enzymes, which can play different roles in the venom, including direct toxicity, as venom spreading factors, activators of venom components, venom preservatives, or in prey pre-digestion, were described and annotated. The expression profile for transcripts coding for venom enzymes was analyzed, and shown to be similar among the studied species, while being significantly different from their expression pattern outside the telson.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.