ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Mucoadhesive Carvedilol Nanosponge: A Promising Platform for Buccal Anti-Hypertensive Delivery.
Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems for Cardiovascular Therapeutics: Formulation Strategies, Pharmacokinetic Enhancement and Precision-Oriented Translation.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- Repurposed Aripiprazole-Loaded Hyaluronic Acid/Ceramide/Terpene Nanosponge as a Bioadhesive Topical Delivery System for CutaneousPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Hesperidin loaded bilosomes mitigate the nephrotoxicity induced by methotrexate; biochemical and molecular in vivo investigations.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- The Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Potential Applications of Bilosomes as Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Ocular mucoadhesive and biodegradable spanlastics loaded cationic spongy insert for enhancing and sustaining the anti-inflammatory effect of prednisolone Na phosphate; Preparation, I-optimal optimization, and In-vivo evaluation.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2024Article
- Challenges in Optimizing Nanoplatforms Used for Local and Systemic Delivery in the Oral Cavity.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Tailoring of Bilosomal Nanogel for Augmenting the Off-Label Use of Sildenafil Citrate in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension.ACS omega · 2024Article
- Ocular Delivery of Bimatoprost-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Effective Management of Glaucoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Vardenafil-Loaded Bilosomal Mucoadhesive Sponge for Buccal Delivery: Optimization, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation.Polymers · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Carvedilol (CRV) is a non-selective third generation beta-blocker used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure and angina pectoris. Oral administration of CRV showed poor bioavailability (25%), which might be ascribed to its extensive first-pass metabolism. Buccal delivery is known to boost drugs bioavailability. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of bilosomes-based mucoadhesive carvedilol nanosponge for enhancing the oral bioavailability of CRV. The bilosomes were prepared, optimized and characterized for particle size, surface morphology, encapsulation efficiency and ex-vivo permeation studies. Then, the optimized formula was incorporated into a carboxymethyl cellulose/hydroxypropyl cellulose (CMC/HPC) composite mixture to obtain buccal nanosponge enriched with CRV bilosomes. The optimized bilosome formula (BLS9), showing minimum vesicle size, maximum entrapment, and highest cumulative in vitro release, exhibited a spherical shape with 217.2 nm in diameter, 87.13% entrapment efficiency, and sustained drug release for up to 24 h. In addition, ex-vivo drug permeation across sheep buccal mucosa revealed enhanced drug permeation with bilosomal formulations, compared to aqueous drug suspension. Consecutively, BLS9 was incorporated in a CMC/HPC gel and lyophilized for 24 h to obtain bilosomal nanosponge to enhance CRV buccal delivery. Morphological analysis of the prepared nanosponge revealed improved swelling with a porosity of 67.58%. The in vivo assessment of rats indicated that CRV-loaded nanosponge efficiently enhanced systolic/diastolic blood pressure, decreased elevated oxidative stress, improved lipid profile and exhibited a potent cardio-protective effect. Collectively, bilosomal nanosponge might represent a plausible nanovehicle for buccal delivery of CRV for effective management of hypertension.
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