Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35445898›Full record

ArticleJournal of gambling studies2023

Push Outcomes Bias Perceptions of Scratch Card Games.

Alexander C Walker, Madison Stange, Mike J Dixon, Jonathan A Fugelsang, Derek J Koehler

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of gambling studies, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alexander C WalkerDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. a24walke@uwaterloo.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-6770
Madison StangeDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Mike J DixonDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Jonathan A FugelsangDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Derek J KoehlerDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Funding

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the domain of scratch card gambling, "pushes" refer to outcomes in which a prize is won that is equal to the cost of a scratch card game. Despite resulting in no net monetary gain, these outcomes are categorized as wins by lottery operators, effectively inflating published scratch card information (e.g., posted odds of winning). Additionally, the experience of obtaining a push shares similarities (e.g., the revealing of matching symbols) with the experience of obtaining a win and thus may be experienced similarly to wins by gamblers. Across four studies (N = 1502), we examined the impact of push outcomes on participants' perceptions of scratch card games. In Studies 1 and 2, participants reported feeling more likely to win, more excitement to play, and a stronger urge to gamble when presented with a scratch card that categorized push outcomes as wins compared to when presented a scratch card that did not categorize these outcomes as wins. In Study 3, participants experiencing a push outcome prior to a loss reported feeling more likely to win compared to those not experiencing a push outcome yet experiencing the same net monetary loss. In Study 4, push outcomes were found to elicit more excitement and a stronger urge to gamble compared to losses but less excitement and a weaker urge to gamble compared to wins. Overall, the present investigation suggests that push outcomes, a prevalent feature of scratch card games, can bias gambling-related judgments and increase the appeal of scratch card games.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveGamblingEmotionsHumansReinforcement, PsychologyRewardBiasGamblingProblem gamblingPush outcomesScratch cards

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.