Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35445525›Full record

ArticleAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)2022

Enzyme-Free Copying of 12 Bases of RNA with Dinucleotides.

Gabrielle Leveau, Daniel Pfeffer, Bernhard Altaner, Eric Kervio, Franziska Welsch, Ulrich Gerland, Clemens Richert

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Chirality-Promoted Chemical Ligation and Reverse Transcription ofJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2025
    Article
  4. Sequencing of d/l-DNA and XNA by Templated-Synthesis.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Enzyme-Free Copying of 12 Bases of RNA with Dinucleotides.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Gabrielle LeveauInstitute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
Daniel PfefferInstitute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
Bernhard AltanerPhysics of Complex Biosystems, Technical University Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Eric KervioInstitute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
Franziska WelschInstitute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
Ulrich GerlandPhysics of Complex Biosystems, Technical University Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany.
Clemens RichertInstitute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6907-0205

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The synthesis of complementary strands is the reaction underlying the replication of genetic information. It is likely that the earliest self-replicating systems used RNA as genetic material. How RNA was copied in the absence of enzymes and what sequences were most likely to have supported replication is not clear. Here we show that mixtures of dinucleotides with C and G as bases copy an RNA sequence of up to 12 nucleotides in dilute aqueous solution. Successful enzyme-free copying occurred with in situ activation at 4 °C and pH 6.0. Dimers were incorporated in favor of monomers when both competed as reactants, and little misincorporation was detectable in mass spectra. Simulations using experimental rate constants confirmed that mixed C/G sequences are good candidates for successful replication with dimers. Because dimers are intermediates in the synthesis of longer strands, our results support evolutionary scenarios encompassing formation and copying of RNA strands in enzyme-free fashion.

Indexed as

NucleotidesRNADinucleoside PhosphatesMass SpectrometryDinucleoside PhosphatesNucleotidesRNAGenetic CopyingNucleotidesOrigin of LifeReplicationRNA

Identifiers

PMID35445525
PMCPMC9401581

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.