ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2022
The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity: the Experience of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiencies Network (IPINet).
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and immunogenicity of 3 doses of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac in children and adults with inborn errors of immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Bronchiectasis, Low IgG Levels and Lack of Vaccination are Risk Factors for Covid-19 Hospitalization in X-linked Agammaglobulinemia - A Retrospective Multicenter Study.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Monitoring of immunoglobulin treatment compliance of patients with an inborn error of immunity during the pandemic period.BMC immunology · 2025Article
- Is COVID-19 Still a Threat? An Expert Opinion Review on the Continued Healthcare Burden in Immunocompromised Individuals.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- Review
- An Overview of the Strategies to Boost SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immunity in People with Inborn Errors of Immunity.Vaccines · 2024Review
- High Prevalence of Long COVID in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: An Italian Multicentric Study.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Observational
- Immunogenicity of COVID-19 booster vaccination in IEI patients and their one year clinical follow-up after start of the COVID-19 vaccination program.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Rethinking Immunological Risk: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Severe SARS-Cov-2 Infections in Individuals With Congenital Immunodeficiencies.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2023Article
- Severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with inborn errors of immunity (primary immunodeficiencies): a systematic review.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2023Article
- Exploring Factors Influencing Changes in Incidence and Severity of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Struggling with COVID-19 in Adult Inborn Errors of Immunity Patients: A Case Series of Combination Therapy and Multiple Lines of Therapy for Selected Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Determinants of COVID-19 Disease Severity-Lessons from Primary and Secondary Immune Disorders including Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 on patients with inborn errors of immunity.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Review
- Cellular immunity in COVID-19 and other infections in Common variable immunodeficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Selective IgA Deficiency May Be an Underrecognized Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Severity, Cardiological Outcome, and Immunogenicity of mRNA Vaccine on Adult Patients With 22q11.2 DS.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2023Observational
- Acute and long-term immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated children and young adults with inborn errors of immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- A beacon in the dark: COVID-19 course in CVID patients from two European countries: Different approaches, similar outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Detection of specific RBDFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
31 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 manifestations range from asymptomatic to life-threatening infections. The outcome in different inborn errors of immunity (IEI) is still a matter of debate. In this retrospective study, we describe the experience of the of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiencies Network (IPINet). Sixteen reference centers for adult or pediatric IEI were involved. One hundred fourteen patients were enrolled including 35 pediatric and 79 adult patients. Median age was 32 years, and male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The most common IEI were 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in children (26%) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) in adults (65%). Ninety-one patients did not require hospital admission, and among these, 33 were asymptomatic. Hospitalization rate was 20.17%. Older age (p 0.004) and chronic lung disease (p 0.0008) represented risk factors for hospitalization. Hospitalized patients mainly included adults suffering from humoral immunodeficiencies requiring immunoglobulin replacement therapy and as expected had lower B cell counts compared to non-hospitalized patients. Infection fatality rate in the whole cohort was 3.5%. Seroconversion was observed is 86.6% of the patients evaluated and in 83.3% of CVID patients. 16.85% of the patients reported long-lasting COVID symptoms. All but one patient with prolonged symptoms were under IgRT. The fatality rate observed in IEI was slightly similar to the general population. The age of the patients who did not survive was lower compared to the general population, and the age stratified mortality in the 50-60 age range considerable exceeded the mortality from 50 to 60 age group of the Italian population (14.3 vs 0.6%; p < 0.0001). We hypothesize that this is due to the fact that comorbidities in IEI patients are very common and usually appear early in life.
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