ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Vaccine-Associated Enhanced Disease and Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strong CD4+ T-Cell Responses to Ancestral and Variant Spike Proteins Are Established by NVX-CoV2373 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Primary Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Retrospective cohort study of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine-associated enhanced disease in the Vaccine Safety Datalink, 2021-23.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Review
- Nonclinical investigation of the potential of MHAA4549A, an anti-influenza A therapeutic antibody, to mediate antibody-dependent enhancement.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Clinical Manifestations and Immunological Impacts in Co-Infections and Sequential Infections of SARS-CoV-2 and Arboviruses.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- mRNA vaccines: immunogenicity and quality characteristics.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Mucosal Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Using Human ProbioticVaccines · 2025Article
- Hamsters immunized with formalin-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 develop accelerated lung histopathological lesions and Th2-biased response following infection.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- T cells responses after vaccination: a regulatory perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Antibody-dependent enhancement of coronaviruses.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Development of human mycoplasma vaccines: navigating the IL-17A paradox.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Gamma-irradiated fowl cholera vaccines formulated with different adjuvants induced antibody response and cytokine expression in chickens.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Background incidence rates from electronic healthcare databases for vaccine safety monitoring: review of challenges from the COVID-19 vaccination campaign and proposal for best practices.Frontiers in drug safety and regulation · 2025Article
- Article
- In vivo delivery of engineered synthetic DNA-encoded SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies for pre-exposure prophylaxis in non-human primates.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- A single dose recombinant AAV based CHIKV vaccine elicits robust and durable protective antibody responses in mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Recombinant RSV G protein vaccine induces enhanced respiratory disease via IL-13 and mucin overproduction.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccine-associated enhanced disease (VAED) is a difficult phenomenon to define and can be confused with vaccine failure. Using studies on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination and dengue virus infection, we highlight known and theoretical mechanisms of VAED, including antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), antibody-enhanced disease (AED) and Th2-mediated pathology. We also critically review the literature surrounding this phenomenon in pathogenic human coronaviruses, including MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Poor quality histopathological data and a lack of consistency in defining severe pathology and VAED in preclinical studies of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-1 vaccines in particular make it difficult to interrogate potential cases of VAED. Fortuitously, there have been only few reports of mild VAED in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in preclinical models and no observations in their clinical use. We describe the problem areas and discuss methods to improve the characterisation of VAED in the future.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.