ArticlePloS one2022
Late date of human arrival to North America: Continental scale differences in stratigraphic integrity of pre-13,000 BP archaeological sites.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Shég' Xdaltth'í' and the enduring value of old ideas.Science advances · 2026Review
- Highlights from an early base camp in Beringia 13,800 years ago: Shég' Xdaltth'í' and the Late Pleistocene peopling of Alaska.Science advances · 2026Article
- Why it is easier to date Quaternary extinctions than human colonizations under conditions of overkill.Cambridge prisms. Extinction · 2026Article
- Characterizing the American Upper Paleolithic.Science advances · 2025Review
- A reference genome for the Harpy Eagle reveals steady demographic decline and chromosomal rearrangements in the origin of Accipitriformes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Taguatagua 3: A new late Pleistocene settlement in a highly suitable lacustrine habitat in central Chile (34°S).PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
- Undiscovered bird extinctions obscure the true magnitude of human-driven extinction waves.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Worldwide Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene population declines in extant megafauna are associated with Homo sapiens expansion rather than climate change.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Ice and ocean constraints on early human migrations into North America along the Pacific coast.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Dating of a large tool assemblage at the Cooper's Ferry site (Idaho, USA) to ~15,785 cal yr B.P. extends the age of stemmed points in the Americas.Science advances · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
By 13,000 BP human populations were present across North America, but the exact date of arrival to the continent, especially areas south of the continental ice sheets, remains unclear. Here we examine patterns in the stratigraphic integrity of early North American sites to gain insight into the timing of first colonization. We begin by modeling stratigraphic mixing of multicomponent archaeological sites to identify signatures of stratigraphic integrity in vertical artifact distributions. From those simulations, we develop a statistic we call the Apparent Stratigraphic Integrity Index (ASI), which we apply to pre- and post-13,000 BP archaeological sites north and south of the continental ice sheets. We find that multiple early Beringian sites dating between 13,000 and 14,200 BP show excellent stratigraphic integrity. Clear signs of discrete and minimally disturbed archaeological components do not appear south of the ice sheets until the Clovis period. These results provide support for a relatively late date of human arrival to the Americas.
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