ArticleScientific reports2022
The structure of executive functions in preschool children and chimpanzees.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- EVApeCognition: An 18-Year Dataset of Great Ape Cognition.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Inhibitory Control, Shifting, and Working Memory Updating Domains form Cognitive Phenotypes in Non-human Primates.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Chimpanzees' working memory is not affected by the presence and activity of zoo visitors.Animal cognition · 2025Article
- Individual differences in sociocognitive traits in semi-free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).American journal of primatology · 2025Article
- Structural brain basis of latent factors of executive functions in childhood.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- Linking the evolution of two prefrontal brain regions to social and foraging challenges in primates.eLife · 2024Article
- Observational approaches to chimpanzee behavior in an African sanctuary: Implications for research, welfare, and capacity-building.American journal of primatology · 2023Article
- Great ape cognition is structured by stable cognitive abilities and predicted by developmental conditions.Nature ecology & evolution · 2023Article
- The shifting shelf task: a new, non-verbal measure for attentional set shifting.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
Executive functions (EF) are a core aspect of cognition. Research with adult humans has produced evidence for unity and diversity in the structure of EF. Studies with preschoolers favour a 1-factor model, in which variation in EF tasks is best explained by a single underlying trait on which all EF tasks load. How EF are structured in nonhuman primates remains unknown. This study starts to fill this gap through a comparative, multi-trait multi-method test battery with preschoolers (N = 185) and chimpanzees (N = 55). The battery aimed at measuring working memory updating, inhibition, and attention shifting with three non-verbal tasks per function. For both species the correlations between tasks were low to moderate and not confined to tasks within the same putative function. Factor analyses produced some evidence for the unity of executive functions in both groups, in that our analyses revealed shared variance. However, we could not conclusively distinguish between 1-, 2- or 3-factor models. We discuss the implications of our findings with respect to the ecological validity of current psychometric research.
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