ArticleJournal of primary care & community health
Trauma Informed Care: Trafficking Out-Comes (TIC TOC Study).
Article in Journal of primary care & community health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elements of a care pathway for human trafficking victims in emergency departments: A mapping review.Worldviews on evidence-based nursing · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the impact of trauma-informed primary healthcare on recovery from human trafficking, or individual characteristics associated with successful participation in community services.
objectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of a trauma-informed family medicine clinic, the Medical Safe Haven ("MSH"), in facilitating success in a community-based anti-trafficking victim service program, Community Against Sexual Harm ("CASH"), and to identify participant characteristics associated with successful CASH completion.
methodsRetrospective analysis of data from 57 adult females participating in the CASH program, 37 of whom received care at MSH. We examined differences in descriptive statistics between those who completed the CASH program and those who did not; then conducted logistic and linear regressions testing the association between MSH care and CASH program outcomes. Survival analysis models examined the time to CASH program drop-out (program incompletion).
resultsOdds of successful CASH completion increased by a factor of 5.37 for MSH patients compared to other participants. This association strengthened with increases in the duration of MSH care and degree of patient engagement. The positive association of MSH care on program completion was mediated by the length of program participation. The extended length of participation among MSH patients was even stronger when those patients were in a stable and independent housing situation. The risk of program incompletion was 68% lower for MSH patients compared to other participants.
conclusionsAdults who experience human trafficking and receive healthcare at MSH are significantly more likely to successfully complete the CASH program than those who do not receive healthcare or who use alternative health systems. Study findings argue for the importance of consistent, trauma-informed longitudinal healthcare for trafficked persons.
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Registered trials
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