ArticlePaediatric and perinatal epidemiology2022
Trends in survival, perinatal morbidities and two-year neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low-birthweight infants over four decades.
Article in Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- US Pediatric Hospitalizations Complicated by Acute Kidney Injury and Dialysis From 1997 to 2022.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Sodium Values During the First 10 Postnatal Days in Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight Infants and Long-Term Neurocognitive Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Prenatal greenness, air pollution, and birthweight: Assessing sensitive windows of exposure and sub-populations in a multi-exposure setting.Environment international · 2026Article
- FGF21 Alleviates Hypoxic-Ischemic White Matter Injury in Neonatal Mice by Mediating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Through PPAR-γ Signaling Pathway.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- [Surgery of premature infants-Perspectives and limitations].Chirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- In-utero transfer, survival-focused care and survival to 28-days at 22-24 weeks' gestation pre- and post- implementation of an extreme prematurity management guideline in Victoria, Australia.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Article
- Optimizing trajectories of social adaptive competencies after extreme prematurity during the first 1000 days.Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine · 2024Review
- Growth from infancy to adulthood and associations with cardiometabolic health in individuals born extremely preterm.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Outcomes in extremely low-birthweight infants: What can we learn by comparing epidemiological studies over time?Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough outcomes for infants born extremely low birthweight (ELBW; <1000 g birthweight) have improved over time, it is important to document survival and morbidity changes following the advent of modern neonatal intensive care in the 1990s.
objectiveTo describe trends in survival, perinatal outcomes and neurodevelopment to 2 years' corrected age over time across six discrete geographic cohorts born ELBW between 1979 and 2017.
methodsAnalysis of data from discrete population-based prospective cohort studies of all live births free of lethal anomalies with birthweight 500-999 g in the state of Victoria, Australia, over 6 eras: 1979-80, 1985-87, 1991-92, 1997, 2005 and 2016-17. Perinatal data collected included survival, duration and type of respiratory support, neonatal morbidities and two-year neurodevelopmental outcomes.
resultsMore ELBW live births were inborn (born in a maternity hospital with a neonatal intensive care unit) over time (1979-80, 70%; 2016-17, 84%), and more were offered active care (1979-80, 58%; 2016-17, 90%). Survival to 2 years rose substantially, from 25% in 1979-80 to 80% in 2016-17. In survivors, rates of any assisted ventilation rose from 75% in 1979-80 to 99% in 2016-17. Cystic periventricular leukomalacia, severe retinopathy of prematurity and blindness improved across eras. Two-year data were available for 95% (1054/1109) of survivors. Rates of cerebral palsy, deafness and major neurodevelopmental disability changed little over time. The annual numbers with major neurodevelopmental disability increased from 12.5 in 1979-80 to 30 in 2016-17, but annual numbers free of major disability increased much more, from 31 in 1979-80 to 147 in 2016-17.
conclusionsActive care and survival rates in ELBW children have increased dramatically since 1979 without large changes in neonatal morbidities. The numbers of survivors free of major neurodevelopmental disability have increased more over time than those with major disability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.