ArticleThe American journal of bioethics : AJOB2023
Think Pragmatically: Investigators' Obligations to Patient-Subjects When Research is Embedded in Care.
Article in The American journal of bioethics : AJOB, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Framework of Institutional Obligations for Pragmatic Clinical Trials.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2026Article
- Parental Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Milk Fluoridation for Dental Caries Prevention in the United Kingdom.Cureus · 2025Article
- "The hardest part of what we're doing": research staff perspectives on engaging marginalized populations in substance use trials.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Article
- Monitoring in pragmatic trials lessons from the NIH pragmatic trials collaboratory.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- Ethical considerations for sharing aggregate results from pragmatic clinical trials.Clinical trials (London, England) · 2025Article
- Recurring and Emerging Ethical Issues in Pragmatic Clinical Trials.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2024Article
- Post-trial responsibilities in pragmatic clinical trials: Fulfilling the promise of research to drive real-world change.Learning health systems · 2024Article
- Insights into epileptogenesis from post-traumatic epilepsy.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024Review
- Algorithmic identification of persons with dementia for research recruitment: ethical considerations.Informatics for health & social care · 2024Article
- Genomics Research with Undiagnosed Children: Ethical Challenges at the Boundaries of Research and Clinical Care.The Journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Blurred Boundaries: Toward an Expanded Ethics of Research and Clinical Care.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2023Article
- "A Community-Engaged Approach to Address Collateral Findings in Embedded Research".The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2023Article
- Special Considerations When Research is Embedded within Community Health Centers.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2023Article
- Is There a Doctor in the House?The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2023Article
- Pragmatic Research and Clinical Duties: Solutions Through Precision AI-Enabled Clinically Embedded Research.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2023Article
- Progressing from "Whether to" to "How to" Conduct Pragmatic Trials.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2023Article
- Distinguishing Clinical and Research Risks in Pragmatic Clinical Trials: The Need for Further Stakeholder Engagement.The American journal of bioethics : AJOB · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Growing interest in embedded research approaches-where research is incorporated into clinical care-has spurred numerous studies to generate knowledge relevant to the real-world needs of patients and other stakeholders. However, it also has presented ethical challenges. An emerging challenge is how to understand the nature and extent of investigators' obligations to patient-subjects. Prior scholarship on investigator duties has generally been grounded upon the premise that research and clinical care are distinct activities, bearing distinct duties. Yet this premise-and its corresponding implications-are challenged when research and clinical care are deliberately integrated. After presenting three case studies from recent pragmatic clinical trials, we identify six differences between explanatory trials and embedded research that limit the application of existing scholarship for ascertaining investigator duties. We suggest that these limitations indicate a need to account for the implications of usual care and to move beyond a narrow focus on the investigator-subject dyad, one that better reflects the team- and institution-based nature of contemporary health systems.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.