ArticleMolecular neurobiology2022
Early Life Social Stress Causes Sex- and Region-Dependent Dopaminergic Changes that Are Prevented by Minocycline.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine learning for individual epigenetic fingerprints as predictors of well-being in young adults.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Dependence of psychopharmacological drug effects on early social stress experience: An analysis aligned with the research domain criteria framework.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Review
- Microglial depletion prevents visual deficits and retinal ganglion cell loss induced by early life stress in adult animals.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Early life psychosocial stress increases binge-like ethanol consumption and CSF1R inhibition prevents stress-induced alterations in microglia and brain macrophage population density.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- A ketogenic diet regulates microglial activation to treat drug addiction.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Dopamine and Serotonin Transporter Genes Regulation in Highly Sensitive Individuals during Stressful Conditions: A Focus on Genetics and Epigenetics.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Enduring Neurobiological Consequences of Early-Life Stress: Insights from Rodent Behavioral Paradigms.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- The role of early life adversity and inflammation in stress-induced change in reward and risk processes among adolescents.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
- Role of Microglia in Psychostimulant Addiction.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Prenatal and postnatal challenges affect the hypothalamic molecular pathways that regulate hormonal levels.PloS one · 2023Article
- A molecular framework for autistic experiences: Mitochondrial allostatic load as a mediator between autism and psychopathology.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Encore: Behavioural animal models of stress, depression and mood disorders.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) is known to modify trajectories of brain dopaminergic development, but the mechanisms underlying have not been determined. ELS perturbs immune system and microglia reactivity, and inflammation and microglia influence dopaminergic transmission and development. Whether microglia mediate the effects of ELS on dopamine (DA) system development is still unknown. We explored the effects of repeated early social stress on development of the dopaminergic system in male and female mice through histological, electrophysiological, and transcriptomic analyses. Furthermore, we tested whether these effects could be mediated by ELS-induced altered microglia/immune activity through a pharmacological approach. We found that social stress in early life altered DA neurons morphology, reduced dopamine transporter (DAT) and tyrosine hydroxylase expression, and lowered DAT-mediated currents in the ventral tegmental area but not substantia nigra of male mice only. Notably, stress-induced DA alterations were prevented by minocycline, an inhibitor of microglia activation. Transcriptome analysis in the developing male ventral tegmental area revealed that ELS caused downregulation of dopaminergic transmission and alteration in hormonal and peptide signaling pathways. Results from this study offer new insight into the mechanisms of stress response and altered brain dopaminergic maturation after ELS, providing evidence of neuroimmune interaction, sex differences, and regional specificity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.