ArticleCancer medicine2022
Soluble form of CTLA-4 is a good predictor for tumor recurrence after radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Undertreated Volume and Tumor Morphology as Predictors of Outcome Following Thermal Ablation of 3-7-cm Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2025Trial
- Injectable Multifunctional Hydrogel Consisted of Ultrasonic Marker and Immune Adjust Agent in Liver Tumor Ablation: Animal Experiment's Study.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2026Article
- Soluble CTLA-4 as a context-dependent immune checkpoint: biology, biomarker potential, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Developing a risk score using liquid biopsy biomarkers for selecting Immunotherapy responders and stratifying disease progression risk in metastatic melanoma patients.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Soluble immune checkpoint molecules in cancer risk, outcomes prediction, and therapeutic applications.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Soluble immune checkpoints: implications for cancer prognosis and response to immune checkpoint therapy and conventional therapies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Review
- Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies to combat the recurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma after thermal ablation.Journal of interventional medicine · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory Gene-Splicing Dysregulation in Tumorigenesis: Unmasking the Complexity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Soluble form of CTLA-4 is a good predictor for tumor recurrence after radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Cancer medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA soluble form of cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-antigen-4 (sCTLA-4) is a prognostic biomarker for several cancers but remains unclear in HCC patients. The aim of study is to evaluate the predictive role of serum sCTLA-4 levels for tumor recurrence of chronic hepatis C (CHC)-HCC patients receiving radiofrequency ablation (RFA). MATERIAL AND
methodA prospective study recruiting 88 CHC-HCC patients was done between 2013 and 2019. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of early recurrence. All tests were two-tailed, and the level of statistical significance was set as p < 0.05.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 44.4 months, 53 of the 88 (60.2%) CHC-HCC patients encountered early recurrence within 2 years. The predictability of sCTLA-4 for local recurrence (LR) and intrahepatic metastasis (IHM) by 2-years using AUROC curve analysis were 0.740 and 0.715, respectively. Patients with high sCTLA-4 levels (>9 ng/ml) encountered shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) for LR (log-rank p = 0.017) but paradoxically longer RFS for IHM (log-rank p = 0.007) compared to those with low levels (≤9 ng/ml). By multivariate Cox regression analysis, sCTLA-4 levels and antiviral therapy were independent prognostic factor of early recurrence both in LR and IHM. A combination of baseline sCTLA-4 and AFP level could improve the predictability of early LR and IHM with specificity of 80.0% and 79.7% and positive predictive value of 63.3% and 67.3%, respectively.
conclusionssCTLA-4 level is a good predictor for early HCC recurrence with higher levels indicating susceptibility to early LR, but protecting from early IHM.
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