SynthesisJournal of clinical laboratory analysis2022
Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of COVID-19-associated encephalitis: A systematic review of case reports and case series.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of COVID-19-associated encephalitis: A systematic review of case reports and case series.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- Dynamic changes in gut microbiota and identification of inflammation-associated biomarkers in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Brain MRI findings in patients with post COVID-19 condition: frequency and longitudinal changes in a nationwide cohort study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Comparing clinical and biochemical characteristics of febrile seizures in children with and without COVID-19: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine development: advancements and challenges.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- Clinical features of COVID-19-related encephalitis: comparison with the features of herpes virus encephalitis and autoimmune encephalitis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
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- The potential role of telemedicine in the infectious disease pandemic with an emphasis on COVID-19: A narrative review.Health science reports · 2023Article
- [Clinical features of children with coronavirus disease 2019 complicated by acute encephalitis and related research advances].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2022Review
- A Comprehensive Review of the Protein Subunit Vaccines Against COVID-19.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSince COVID-19 outbreak, various studies mentioned the occurrence of neurological disorders. Of these, encephalitis is known as a critical neurological complication in COVID-19 patients. Numerous case reports and case series have found encephalitis in relation to COVID-19, which have not been systematically reviewed. This study aims to evaluate the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of COVID-19-associated encephalitis.
methodsWe used the Pubmed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases to search for reports on COVID-19-associated encephalitis from January 1, 2019, to March 7, 2021. The irrelevant studies were excluded based on screening and further evaluation. Then, the information relating diagnosis, treatment, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and outcome was extracted and evaluated.
resultsFrom 4455 initial studies, 45 articles met our criteria and were selected for further evaluation. Included publications reported an overall number of 53 COVID-19-related encephalitis cases. MRI showed hyperintensity of brain regions including white matter (44.68%), temporal lobe (17.02%), and thalamus (12.76%). Also, brain CT scan revealed the hypodensity of the white matter (17.14%) and cerebral hemorrhages/hemorrhagic foci (11.42%) as the most frequent findings. The IV methylprednisolone/oral prednisone (36.11%), IV immunoglobulin (27.77%), and acyclovir (16.66%) were more preferred for COVID-19 patients with encephalitis. From the 46 patients, 13 (28.26%) patients were died in the hospital.
conclusionIn this systematic review, characteristics of COVID-19-associated encephalitis including clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome were described. COVID-19-associated encephalitis can accompany with other neurological symptoms and involve different brain. Although majority of encephalitis condition are reversible, but it can lead to life-threatening status. Therefore, further investigation of COVID-19-associated encephalitis is required.
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