ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-Specific T Cells and Antibodies in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Protection: A Prospective Study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04898140 (The Evaluation of the Intensity of Cellular and Humoral Immunity to COVID-19 Causative Agent in Moscow Residents), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Evaluation of the Intensity of Cellular and Humoral Immunity to COVID-19 Causative Agent in Moscow Residents
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural insights into clonal restriction and diversity in T cell recognition of two immunodominant SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid epitopes.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Immunity in COVID-19-Naive Vaccinated Individuals with and Without Spike Protein IgG Antibodies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Features of Highly Homologous T-Cell Receptor Repertoire in the Immune Response to Mutations in Immunogenic Epitopes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Cellular and humoral immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 vaccination or infection is associated with the memory phenotype of T- and B-lymphocytes in adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.International journal of hematology · 2024Article
- A quest for universal anti-SARS-CoV-2 T cell assay: systematic review, meta-analysis, and experimental validation.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody status and reinfection: A case-control study nested in a Colorado-based prospective cohort study.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Clonal structure and the specificity of vaccine-induced T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 interferon-γ release assay following SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2023Observational
- Immune Response and Transplacental Antibody Transfer in Pregnant Women after COVID-19 Vaccination.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Monitoring Temporal Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Levels and Variant-Specific Risk for Infection, Dominican Republic, March 2021-August 2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Evolution of long-term vaccine-induced and hybrid immunity in healthcare workers after different COVID-19 vaccine regimens.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Study of the Effects of Several SARS-CoV-2 Structural Proteins on Antiviral Immunity.Vaccines · 2023Article
- MHC Class II Presentation in Autoimmunity.Cells · 2023Review
- Architecture of the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell repertoire.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Impact of peptide:HLA complex stability for the identification of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Genetically engineered CD80-pMHC-harboring extracellular vesicles for antigen-specific CD4Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Coronavirus-Specific Antibody and T Cell Responses Developed after Sputnik V Vaccination in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Clonal diversity predicts persistence of SARS-CoV-2 epitope-specific T-cell response.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Hybrid Immunity Shifts the Fc-Effector Quality of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine-Induced Immunity.mBio · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
61 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDuring the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many individuals were infected with and have cleared the virus, developing virus-specific antibodies and effector/memory T cells. An important unanswered question is what levels of T-cell and antibody responses are sufficient to protect from the infection.
methodsIn 5340 Moscow residents, we evaluated anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin M (IgM)/immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers and frequencies of the T cells specific to the membrane, nucleocapsid, and spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2, using interferon gamma (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay. Additionally, we evaluated the fractions of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells using intracellular staining of IFN-γ and interleukin 2 followed by flow cytometry. We analyzed the COVID-19 rates as a function of the assessed antibody and T-cell responses, using the Kaplan-Meier estimator method, for up to 300 days postinclusion.
resultsWe showed that T-cell and antibody responses are closely interconnected and are commonly induced concurrently. Magnitudes of both responses inversely correlated with infection probability. Individuals positive for both responses demonstrated the highest levels of protectivity against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. A comparable level of protection was found in individuals with antibody response only, whereas the T-cell response by itself granted only intermediate protection.
conclusionsWe found that the contribution of the virus-specific antibodies to protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection is more pronounced than that of the T cells. The data on the virus-specific IgG titers may be instructive for making decisions in personalized healthcare and public anti-COVID-19 policies. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT04898140.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.