ArticleAIMS neuroscience2022
Gut neurotoxin p-cresol induces brain-derived neurotrophic factor secretion and increases the expression of neurofilament subunits in PC-12 cells.
Article in AIMS neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- p-Cresol and p-Cresyl Sulphate Boost Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Empirical evidence for gut microbial influence on human brain neurochemistry via the gut-brain axis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Cerebral Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: the Role of Neuroglia and Associated Factors (Review).Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2026Review
- Review
- Elevated Microbially-Derived Metabolites in Autism: A Possible Diagnostic Screening Test for a Distinct ASD Phenotype.Research square · 2025Article
- Review of Elevated Para-Cresol in Autism and Possible Impact on Symptoms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Microbiome Dysbiosis Shows Strong Association of Gut-Derived Altered Metabolomic Profile in Gulf War Chronic Multisymptom Illness Symptom Persistence Following Western Diet Feeding and Development of Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increased p-cresol levels reportedly alter brain dopamine metabolism and exacerbate neurological disorders in experimental animals. In contrast to toxic concentrations, low doses of p-cresol may have distinct effects on neuronal metabolism. However, the role of p-cresol in synapse remodeling, neurite outgrowth, and other anabolic processes in neurons remains elusive. We propose that low doses of p-cresol affect neuronal cell structural remodeling compared with the high concentration-mediated harmful effects. Thus, the effects of p-cresol on the secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurofilament subunit expression were examined using rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC-12 cells). We observed that low doses of p-cresol potentiated nerve growth factor-induced differentiation via secretion of BDNF in cultured PC-12 cells. Opioidergic compounds modulated these p-cresol effects, which were reversed by oxytocin. We propose that this effect of p-cresol has an adaptive and compensatory character and can be attributed to the induction of oxidative stress. Accordingly, we hypothesize that low doses of p-cresol induce mild oxidative stress, stimulating BDNF release by activating redox-sensitive genes. Given that the intestinal microbiome is the primary source of endogenous p-cresol, the balance between gut microbiome strains (especially Clostridium species) and opioidergic compounds may directly influence neuroplasticity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.