ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2022
Immunomodulation as a Protective Strategy in Chronic Otitis Media.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Importance of Ear Canal Microbiota and Earwax in the Prevention of Outer Ear Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Pattern recognition receptor signaling in otitis media: immune crosstalk and pathogenic mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Systems perspectives on pediatric otitis media: environmental exposures, genetic susceptibility, and biomarker-guided interventions.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Exploring the role of gut probiotic metabolites in the prevention and treatment of otitis media.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Review
- 1,8-Cineol Attenuates Checkpoint Molecule PDL-1 and Adhesion Molecule CX3CR1 in Circulating Monocytes in Otitis Media Patients.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Essential Role of the Innate Immune Adaptor RIP2 in the Response to Otitis Media.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: Major features of the pathogenesis in otitis media, the most common disease in childhood, include hyperplasia of the middle ear mucosa and infiltration by leukocytes, both of which typically resolve upon bacterial clearance Methods: A stable otitis media model in wild-type mice and immunodeficient KO-mice, as well as human tissue samples from chronic otitis media, skin from the external auditory canal and middle ear mucosa removed from patients undergoing ear surgery, were studied. Gene and protein expression of innate immune signaling molecules were evaluated using microarray, qPCR and IHC. Results: Persistent mucosal hyperplasia of the middle ear mucosa in chronic otitis media resulted from gene and protein expression of inflammatory and apoptotic genes, including NODs, TNFα, Casp3 and cleaved Casp3. In clinical chronic middle ear samples, these molecules were modulated after a specific stimulation. They also induced a hyposensitive response after bacterial/NOD-/TLR-pathway double stimulation of HMEEC cells Conclusion: Uncontrolled middle ear mucosal hyperplasia is triggered by TLRs/NLRs immunoreceptor activation of downstream inflammatory and apoptotic molecules.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.