ReviewFrontiers in neurology2022
Efficacy of Disease Modifying Therapies in Progressive MS and How Immune Senescence May Explain Their Failure.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of cladribine in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Pooled it
- Rethinking prognosis in multiple sclerosis: a multiaxial perspective.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Depression as a Disease of White Matter Network Disruption: Learning From Multiple Sclerosis.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Senescent cell reduction does not improve recovery in mice under experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced demyelination.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Targeting senescent microglia in progressive multiple sclerosis: a geroscience-informed approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Association between peripheral blood immunological status and intrathecal inflammatory markers differentiate multiple sclerosis clinical phenotypes.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2024Article
- Review of evidence linking exposure to environmental stressors and associated alterations in the dynamics of immunosenescence (ISC) with the global increase in multiple sclerosis (MS).Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Review
- Macrophages and HLA-Class II Alleles in Multiple Sclerosis: Insights in Therapeutic Dynamics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- From Animal Models to Clinical Trials: The Potential of Antimicrobials in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Seizures and multiple sclerosis‑more than an epidemiological association (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Review
- Motor Behavioral Deficits in the Cuprizone Model: Validity of the Rotarod Test Paradigm.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The role of the complement system in Multiple Sclerosis: A review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Treatment of older patients with multiple sclerosis: Results of an International Delphi Survey.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The advent of disease modifying therapies (DMT) in the past two decades has been the cornerstone of successful clinical management of multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite the great strides made in reducing the relapse frequency and occurrence of new signal changes on neuroimaging in patients with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) by approved DMT, it has been challenging to demonstrate their effectiveness in non-active secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and primary progressive MS (PPMS) disease phenotypes. The dichotomy of DMT effectiveness between RRMS and progressive MS informs on distinct pathogeneses of the different MS phenotypes. Conversely, factors that render patients with progressive MS resistant to therapy are not understood. Thus far, age has emerged as the main correlate of the transition from RRMS to SPMS. Whether it is aging and age-related factors or the underlying immune senescence that qualitatively alter immune responses as the disease transitions to SPMS, that diminish DMT effectiveness, or both, is currently not known. Here, we will discuss the role of immune senescence on different arms of the immune system, and how it may explain relative DMT resistance.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.