Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35432016›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2022

Mental Health in Australia: Psychological Distress Reported in Six Consecutive Cross-Sectional National Surveys From 2001 to 2018.

Joanne Enticott, Shrinkhala Dawadi, Frances Shawyer, Brett Inder, Ellie Fossey, Helena Teede, Sebastian Rosenberg, Ingrid Ozols Am, Graham Meadows

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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  4. Under-25s show the clearest post-2021 rebound in mental health: HILDA 2001-2024.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2026
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  5. Article
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  7. Australia's Better Access initiative: A survey of provider and referrer views.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Joanne EnticottSouthern Synergy, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Shrinkhala DawadiSouthern Synergy, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Frances ShawyerSouthern Synergy, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Brett InderMonash Business School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Ellie FosseyDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Monash University Peninsula Campus, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Helena TeedeMonash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Sebastian RosenbergBrain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Ingrid Ozols AmSouthern Synergy, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Graham MeadowsSouthern Synergy, Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Monash University · AUSafe Work Australia · AUUniversity of Melbourne · AUUniversity of Sydney · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To examine Australian psychological distress trends from 2001 to 2017/18, including analysis by age, sex, location, and household income. Methods: Secondary analysis of the working age population (18-64 years) in six successive representative national health surveys. Measures were prevalence of psychological distress at very-high symptom level (defined by a Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) score of 30 or more) and combined high/very-high level (K10 score of 22 or more). Very-high K10 scores are associated with mental health problems meeting diagnostic thresholds in past year. Results: From 2001 to 2017/18 Australian rates of K10 very-high distress rose significantly from 3.8 to 5.1% and combined high/very-high from 13.2 to 14.8%. In women aged 55-64, very-high distress rose significantly and substantially from 3.5 to 7.2% and high/very-high distress from 12.4 to 18.7%. In men aged 25-34, very-high distress increased from 2.1 to 4.0% and high/very-high from 10.6 to 11.5%. Income was strongly and inversely associated with distress (lowest vs. highest quintile adjusted OR 11.4). An apparent association of increased distress with regional location disappeared with adjustment for income. Conclusion: Australia's population level of psychological distress increased significantly from 2001-2017/18, with levels highest in women and with rates inversely associated with income. This is likely to be indicative of increased community rates of mental disorders. Given that this has occurred whilst mental healthcare expenditure has increased, there is an urgent need to reconsider how best to respond to mental illness, including targeting the most vulnerable based on social determinants such as age, gender, and lower incomes.

Indexed as

mental healthmental health servicespopulation measuresprevalencepsychological distress

Identifiers

PMID35432016
PMCPMC9010616
OpenAlexW4220801436

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.