ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2022
Chinmedomics Strategy for Elucidating the Pharmacological Effects and Discovering Bioactive Compounds From Keluoxin Against Diabetic Retinopathy.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Prospective, Multicentered, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Keluoxin Capsules in the Treatment of Microalbuminuria in Patients with Type 2 Early Diabetic Kidney Disease.Journal of integrative and complementary medicine · 2024Trial
- Non-invasive pharmacological advances in early retinopathy treatment: bioactive herbal compounds, polymer delivery systems, and computational bioprospecting of functional targets.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Diabetic Effects of Astragaloside IV: A Focus on Signaling Pathways.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Anti-diabetes activity of (R)-gentiandiol in KKAy type 2 mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cancer chemoprevention: signaling pathways and strategic approaches.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Silicosis: from pathogenesis to therapeutics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Chinmedomics: a potent tool for the evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine efficacy and identification of its active components.Chinese medicine · 2024Review
- A new perspective on proteinuria and drug therapy for diabetic kidney disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Explainable Artificial Intelligence Paves the Way in Precision Diagnostics and Biomarker Discovery for the Subclass of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetics.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Anti-Ulcerative Colitis Effects and Active Ingredients in Ethyl Acetate Extract from Decoction ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics for discovering active ingredients and exploring action mechanism of herbal medicine.Frontiers in chemistry · 2023Review
- Review
- Metabolomics of various samples advancing biomarker discovery and pathogenesis elucidation for diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Metabolomic comparison followed by cross-validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to reveal potential biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy in Chinese with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Keluoxin (KLX) is an active agent in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, its mechanism, targets, and effective constituents against DR are still unclear, which seriously restricts its clinical application. Chinmedomics has the promise of explaining the pharmacological effects of herbal medicines and investigating the effective mechanisms. The research results from electroretinography and electron microscope showed that KLX could reduce retinal dysfunction and pathological changes by the DR mouse model. Based on effectiveness, we discovered 64 blood biomarkers of DR by nontargeted metabolomics analysis, 51 of which returned to average levels after KLX treatment including leukotriene D4 and A4, l-tryptophan, 6-hydroxymelatonin, l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine, and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA). The metabolic pathways involved were phenylalanine metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, etc. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), and protein 70 S6 kinase (p70 S6K) might be potential targets of KLX against DR. This was related to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and AMPK signaling pathways. We applied the chinmedomics strategy, integrating serum pharm-chemistry of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with metabolomics, to discover astragaloside IV (AS-IV), emodin, rhein, chrysophanol, and other compounds, which were the core effective constituents of KLX when against DR. Our study was the first to apply the chinmedomics strategy to discover the effective constituents of KLX in the treatment of DR, which fills the gap of unclear effective constituents of KLX. In the next step, the research of effective constituents can be used to optimize prescription preparation, improve the quality standard, and develop an innovative drug.
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