Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35431433›Full record

ArticleJournal of business and psychology2023

How Can Organizational Leaders Help? Examining the Effectiveness of Leaders' Support During a Crisis.

Cheryl E Gray, Paul E Spector, Janelle E Wells, Shayla R Bianchi, Claudia Ocana-Dominguez, Casey Stringer, Javier Sarmiento, Tiffany Butler

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of business and psychology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  5. Factors Contributing to Well-Being Among Hospital-Based Nurses.Worldviews on evidence-based nursing · 2025
    Article
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  7. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Cheryl E GrayDepartment of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
Paul E SpectorSchool of Information Systems & Management, Univerisity of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA.
Janelle E WellsVinik Sport & Entertainment Management, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA.
Shayla R BianchiDepartment of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
Claudia Ocana-DominguezDepartment of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
Casey StringerDepartment of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
Javier SarmientoDepartment of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
Tiffany ButlerCollege of Public Health, Univerisity of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA.

Funding

ACL HHS T42OH008438NIOSH CDC HHS T42 OH008438
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organizational leaders can make a large, positive impact on their employees during crises. However, existing research demonstrates that social support is not always effective in helping employees cope with stress, and existing research has not fully identified features of support attempts that determine their effectiveness. Using mixed methods, the authors investigate the efficacy of organizational leaders' support efforts during a crisis. In the first study, 571 employees (196 university administrative staff, 192 licensed nurses, and 183 licensed engineers) described actions their leaders engaged in to support them during a global pandemic. Nine themes differentiated helpful from unhelpful leadership support: autonomy, changes, communication, personal resources, safety, timing, tone, work equipment, and workload. Study 2 used a quantitative methodology (162 licensed nurses and 239 licensed engineers) to demonstrate that leadership actions employees deemed as helpful in Study 1 were associated with less employee burnout and fewer physical symptoms. Drawing from emerging social support literature and the stressor-strain model, the findings inform optimal leadership support practices during crises.

Indexed as

CrisisCrisis responseLeadershipLeadership supportSocial supportStrainsStressStressorsSupport

Identifiers

PMID35431433
PMCPMC8995167

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.