ArticlePlacenta2022
Cardiac and placental imaging (CARP) in pregnancy to assess aetiology of preeclampsia.
Article in Placenta, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-Time Targeted Slice Reacquisition for Motion-Corrupted Fetal Diffusion MRI.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- 3D Placental Bed Perfusion Ultrasound: Development and Internal Validation of Trimester-Specific Prediction Models for Early- and Late-Onset Preeclampsia.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Late gestation MRI to assess maternal pelvimetry, fetal biometry and placental oxygenation: a retrospective pilot study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Preeclampsia Associated Differences in the Placenta, Fetal Brain, and Maternal Heart Can Be Demonstrated Antenatally: An Observational Cohort Study Using MRI.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe CARP study aims to investigate placental function, cardiac function and fetal growth comprehensively during pregnancy, a time of maximal cardiac stress, to work towards disentangling the complex cardiac and placental interactions presenting in the aetiology of pre-eclampsia as well as predicting maternal Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk in later life.
backgroundThe involvement of the cardiovascular system in pre-eclampsia, one of the most serious complications of pregnancy, is evident. While the manifestations of pre-eclampsia during pregnancy (high blood pressure, multi-organ disease, and placental dysfunction) resolve after delivery, a lifelong elevated CVD risk remains.
methodAn assessment including both cardiac and placental Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) optimised for use in pregnancy and bespoke to the expected changes was developed. Simultaneous structural and functional MRI data from the placenta, the heart and the fetus were obtained in a total of 32 pregnant women (gestational ages from 18.1 to 37.5 weeks), including uncomplicated pregnancies and five cases with early onset pre-eclampsia.
resultsThe achieved comprehensive MR acquisition was able to demonstrate a phenotype associated with pre-eclampsia linking both placental and cardiac factors, reduced mean T2* (p < 0.005), increased heterogeneity (p < 0.005) and a trend towards an increase in cardiac work, larger average mass (109.4 vs 93.65 gr), wall thickness (7.0 vs 6.4 mm), blood pool volume (135.7 vs 127.48 mL) and mass to volume ratio (0.82 vs 0.75). The cardiac output in the controls was, controlling for gestational age, positively correlated with placental volume (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The CARP study constitutes the first joint assessment of functional and structural properties of the cardiac system and the placenta during pregnancy. Early indications of cardiac remodelling in pre-eclampsia were demonstrated paving the way for larger studies.
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Registered trials
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