ReviewInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2022
Seasonal influenza in children: Costs for the health system and society in Europe.
Review in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimizing influenza prevention: a systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of pediatric vaccination programs and vaccine types.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Obesity as a risk factor for severe influenza infection in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Pooled it
- Comparison of safety and immunogenicity between high-dose and low-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccines in children aged 6-35 months in China: A randomized, double-blind clinical study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Trial
- A prospective, randomized, parallel, active controlled, phase III Indian study of immunogenicity and safety of two inactivated influenza vaccines - Vaxiflu-4 and Fluarix tetra in children aged 6 months to 35 months.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Trial
- The impact of pediatric influenza and COVID-19 hospitalization on parental attitudes toward vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Observational
- Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) for Children for the Prevention of Influenza Illness in Sweden: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Using interpretable machine learning models to predict the occurrence of severe influenza in hospitalized children: a retrospective cohort study.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Influenza Complications in Children: The Experience of a Children's Hospital in Romania and a Comparative Literature Review of Western and Eastern Studies.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Structural and temporal dynamics of pediatric influenza prevention and treatment: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of historical evolution and emerging trends.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Reactogenicity of an Inactivated, Split-Virion Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Infants and Children Aged ≥6 Months to <9 Years.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Characteristics of children with influenza admitted to a pediatric hospital in Greece during the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 seasons.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Disparities in Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Europe.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- The economic rationale for cell-based influenza vaccines in children and adults: A review of cost-effectiveness analyses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Exploring the pathway toward the reduction of paediatric seasonal influenza burden: school-based vaccination and surveillance.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Global burden associated with 85 pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Leading Paediatric Infectious Diseases-Current Trends, Gaps, and Future Prospects in Oral Pharmacotherapeutic Interventions.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- The economic and fiscal impact of incremental use of cell-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine for the prevention of seasonal influenza among healthcare workers in Italy.Health research policy and systems · 2024Article
- Factors associated with parental intention to vaccinate their child against influenza, Finland, February to March, 2022: a web-based survey.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Burden of paediatric hospitalisations to the health care system, child and family: a systematic review of Australian studies (1990-2022).The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Parental intention to vaccinate children against seasonal influenza in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A cross-sectional study using the health belief model.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPediatric influenza causes significant morbidity annually, resulting in an increased economic burden. Therefore, we aimed to summarize existing literature regarding the costs of pediatric influenza in Europe, paying particular attention to the direct and indirect costs considered in the economic evaluations. Knowing health and social costs of childhood influenza is essential to support value-based health decisions to implement effective immunization strategies.
methodsWe searched three databases for articles published to September 3, 2021. Eligible studies were those reporting the economic burden of influenza in the pediatric and youth population in European countries written in English language.
resultsOverall, 2225 records were screened, and 9 articles were included. Costs estimates are different across countries and in the age groups considered. Direct costs per episode, whose major expense driver are hospitalizations and pediatric examinations, range from about €74 in Italy to €252 in Germany. Important variations are observed based on age, with the youngest group absorbing in some cases double the resources of the older ones such as (in Italy, in France and in Germany). Regarding indirect costs, workdays lost by parents resulted in higher costs for children <2 years and 2-5 years than those >5 years of age and their economic impact was variable reaching €251 per week in Germany.
conclusionEvidence obtained in our review strengthened the awareness about the economic impact, in terms of direct and indirect costs, of pediatric influenza requiring, as a priority action in Europe, the implementation of influenza vaccination policies in this target population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.